Objective To investigate growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of Shenmai injection on human glioma cells SHG-44 in vivo and in vitro.Methods Cells were cultivated in vitro, SHG-44 cells in culture medium were treated with 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 μg·mL-1Shenmai injection, respectively, the inhibitory rate of the cells was measured by MTT assay after 48, 72 and 96 h respectively. Annexin V-FITC/PI was utilized to measure the apoptosis; SHG-44 cells were seeded in BALB/C-nu mice, the tumor-bearing nude mice were divided into 5 groups randomly: model control group, cisplatin group, Shenmai injection (20, 40, 80 mg·kg-1) groups. The mice were intraperitoneally injected daily. General activity and food intake in nude mice were observed, after 12 days. The tumor weight was determined, and the tumor-inhibition rate was calculated. The content of gene protein Caspase-9, Caspase-12, Fas and Survivin were detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultsShenmai injection inhibited the proliferation of SHG-44 cells in vitro at six doses, which was concentration- and time-dependent. At a dosage range of 20-80 μmol·L-1 in cultured cells, the apoptosis rates was elevated, Shenmai intraperitoneal injection inhibited the tumor growth of tumor-bearing nude mice, improved the level of Caspase-9, Caspase-12 and Fas, and decreased the level of Survivin. ConclusionShenmai injection can inhibit proliferation of SHG-44 cells in vitro and in vivo, and induce its apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to the level of Caspase-9, Caspase-12, Fas and Survivin.
Key words:
injection
;
SHG-44 cells
;
Human glioma cells
表3
参麦注射液对荷瘤裸鼠Caspase-9、Caspase-12、Fas、Survivin蛋白表达的影响
Tab.3
Effect of Shenmai injection on the expression of Caspase-9、Caspase-12、Fas and Survivin of nude mice x¯±s,n=6
组别
剂量/ (μg·mL-1)
Caspase-9
Caspase-12
Fas/(μg·mL-1)
Survivin/(ng·L-1)
(pmol·L-1)
正常对照组
-
25.662±1.111
21.607±1.733
23.593±1.324
421.076±8.257
顺铂组
25
23.298±1.353
27.266±2.023*1
25.603±1.224
374.735±15.802*1
参麦注射液组
20
29.742±1.281*1
26.771±1.923*1
24.942±1.694
392.889±17.456
40
36.808±2.808*2
30.148±3.220*1
28.764±2.120*1
381.818±12.791*1
80
36.568±2.408*2
30.977±2.628*2
29.400±2.357*1
372.525±9.331*2
Compare with normal control group, *1P<0.05, *2P<0.01
WANG ZX,CAO JX,LIU ZP,et al.Combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for colon cancer in China:a meta-analysis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2014,20:1095-1106.
AIM:To investigate whether autologous dendritic cell(DC)-cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cell therapy is able to improve the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy in colon cancer.METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of published papers from the sources of MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,EMBASE,the Wanfang Database,the China Science and Technology Periodical Database and China Journal Net.Published data were extracted independently by two authors using predefined database templates.The quality of the data from individual papers was also assessed.The effects of chemotherapy were compared with those of chemotherapy in combination with DC-CIK immunotherapy.The pooled analysis was performed using the data from random or fixed-effect models.RESULTS:Seven trials matched our inclusion criteria(n=533).The overall analysis showed significant survival benefit[one-year overall survival(OS),P0.0001;twoyear OS,P=0.009;three-year OS,P=0.002]in favor of DC-CIK immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy.Disease-free survival(DFS)rate was improved after the combination of DC-CIK immunotherapy and chemotherapy(one-year DFS,P0.0001;two-year DFS,P=0.002;three-year DFS,P=0.02).An improved overall response rate(P=0.009)was also observed in patients who received DC-CIK therapy.Furthermore,the analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood indicated that the number of CD4+T cells significantly increased in the DC-CIK plus chemotherapy group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:The combination of DC-CIK immunotherapy and chemotherapy was superior in prolonging the survival time and enhancing immunological responses.
ZOUI,MIL,YU XF,et al.Interaction of 14-3-3α with KCMF1 suppresses the proliferation and colony formation of human colon cancer stem cells[J].World J Gastroenterol,2013,19(24):3770-3780.
BUDIHARDJOI,OLIVERH,LUTTER M,et a1.Biochemical pathways of caspase activation during apoptosis[J].Ann Rev Cell Dev Biof,1999,15:269-290.
Caspase activation plays a central role in the execution of apoptosis. The key components of the biochemical pathways of caspase activation have been recently elucidated. In this review, we focus on the two most well-studied pathways of caspase activation: the cell surface death receptor pathway and the mitochondria-initiated pathway. In the cell surface death receptor pathway, activation of caspase-8 following its recruitment to the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) is the critical event that transmits the death signal. This event is regulated at several different levels by various viral and mammalian proteins. Activated caspase-8 can activate downstream caspases by direct cleavage or indirectly by cleaving Bid and inducing cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. In the mitochondrial-initiated pathway, caspase activation is triggered by the formation of a multimeric Apaf-1/cytochrome c complex that is fully functional in recruiting and activating procaspase-9. Activated caspase-9 will then cleave and activate downstream caspases such as caspase-3, -6, and -7. This pathway is regulated at several steps, including the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, the binding and hydrolysis of dATP/ATP by Apaf-1, and the inhibition of caspase activation by the proteins that belong to the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP).
GILLANL,EVANSG,MAXWELL WM.Flow cytometric evaluation of sperm parameters in relation to fertility potential[J].Theriogenology,2005,63(2):445.
Most laboratory methods used to evaluate semen quality have not correlated highly with fertilizing capacity. The discovery of a variety of fluorochromes and compounds conjugated to fluorescent probes has enabled a more widespread analysis of sperm attributes, and in conjunction with the flow cytometer, permit the evaluation of a large number of spermatozoa. A number of characteristics of sperm integrity, viability and function can be assessed by flow cytometry. The DNA status of spermatozoa has been determined using the metachromatic properties of acridine orange (AO). AO staining, when used in the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), correlates with fertility in a number of species. DNA fragmentation can also be assessed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, which identifies DNA strand breaks by labeling free 3'-OH termini with modified nucleotides. The status of the sperm acrosome can be determined using fluorescently labeled lectins and LysoTracker Green DND-26, a fluorescent acidotropic probe. Capacitation status has been observed through calcium-mediated changes using chlortetracycline (CTC) or by changes in membrane fluidity monitored by the binding of the fluorescent amphiphilic probe, Merocyanine 540. Fluorescently labeled annexin-V, C6NBD and Ro-09-0198 can also be used to detect changes in membrane phospholipid distribution. Cell viability can be determined using the propensity of propidium iodide (PI), ethidium homodimer-1 (EthD-1) or Yo-Pro-1 to permeate damaged membranes. These are generally more adaptable to clinical flow cytometry than the bisbenzimide membrane impermeable stain, Hoechst 33258, which excites in the ultraviolet range and requires UV laser equipment. Mitochondrial function can be determined using rhodamine 123 (R123) and MitoTracker Green FM (MITO) and 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1). Flow cytometry is a tool that may be used in the future to monitor many new potential markers of sperm function.
JHAK,SHUKLAM,PANDEYM.Survivin expression and targeting in breast cancer[J].Surg Oncol,2012,21(2):125-131.
Survivin is over expressed in majority of breast cancers. The over expression of survivin is found to correlate with HER 2 and EGFR expression. Survivin expression has been found to confer resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Targeting survivin in experimental models improves survival. More studies are needed on the role of survivin in multi drug resistance (MDR) in the presence of Pgp/uPA/PAI-1 and the impact of survivin over expression in triple negative breast cancer.
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