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    药物研究
  • 药物研究
    Effect of Valeriana Officinalis Var Latifolia on the Expression of Glomerular αSmooth Muscle Actin in Hyperlipidemic Rats
    SI Xiaoyun;JIA Ruhan;HUANG Congxin;DING Guohua;LIU Hongyan;XUE Cunkuan
    2003, 22(4): 222-224.
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    Objective:To approach the effect of Valeriana officinalis var latifolia (VOL) on the expression of glomerular αsmooth muscle actin (αSMA) in hyperlipidemic rats and its possible significance. Methods:24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the hyperlipid group, VOL group and control group, with 8 rats in each group. Rats in the hyperlipid and VOL groups were fed with a chow containing 4% of cholesterol and 1% of sodium cholate, while those in the control group, with conventional chow. In addition, rats of the VOL group were given each VOL extract (containing VOL volatile oil in a dosage of 25 mg•kg1•d1) administered through gastric tubes for 16 consecutive weeks. Serum lipid, urinary protein excretion(UPE), serum creatinine (Scr), mesangial cell index and mesangial matrix index were kept under observation. Expression of glomerular αSMA was detected with the immunohistochemical technique.Results:VOL was found to decrease the serum levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, UPE and Scr. Light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the mesangial cell index and mesangial matrix index were also significantly reduced in rats of the VOL group, accompanied with a decreased expression of glomerular αSMA. Conclusion:VOL was shown to have the effect of reducing serum lipid and protecting renal function, which might be attributed to the inhibition of glomerular mesangial cells undergoing phenotypic change.
  • 药物研究
    Determination of Uric Acid and ALT /AST in the Serum of Morphine Dependent Rats
    LIU Jiankai;HONG Min;ZHAO Xiaodong;LI Li
    2003, 22(4): 224-226.
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    Objective:To assay the changes in the biochemical indices of liver function as well as paramenters of nucleotide metabolism in the serum of morphine dependent rats. Methods:35 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 animals in each group.①Control group: Rats were given each an IP injection of normal saline b.i.d., for 7 days. ②Morphine dependent: Rats were given each increasing dosages of morphine (20～90 mg•kg1•d1,IP, in 2 divided doses) for 7 days. ③Morphine dependent＋purine bases＋naloxone:Rats were given injections of morphine as in group②＋purine bases (100 mg•kg1•d1)fed by gastric tube for 7 days, ＋IP injection of naloxone (4 mg•kg1) on the 8th day and withdrawal symptoms were kept under observation. ④ Morphinedependent＋purine nucleosides＋naloxone:Rats were treated in the same manner as in group ③ except that purine nucleosides were used instead of purine bases. ⑤Morphine dependent＋withdrawal with naloxone: Rats were given morphine as in group②, followed by IP injection of naloxone as in group③. Beckman’s kits were used for the determination of uric acid and ALT/AST in the serum.Results:Serum uric acid as well as activities of ALT and AST were found to increase in morphine dependent rats. Conclusion: Morphine dependence was shown to enhance catabolism of purine nucleotides and cause injury of the liver.
  • 药物研究
    An Experimental Study of the Antisenility Effect of Total Glycosides of Acanthopanax Bark
    XIE Shirong;HUANG Caiyun;HUANG Shengying
    2003, 22(4): 226-228.
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    Objective:To study the antisenility effect of total glycosides extracted from acanthopanax bark(TSAB).Methods:120 mice as well as 40 rats were separately divided randomly into 16 groups, with 10 animals in each group. The rodents were given each 10, 20 mg•kg1 of TSAB, 600 mg•kg1 of aqueous extract of ginseng (AEG) and 0.9% NaCl solution, respectively. Swimming stamina, tolerance to hypoxia under ordinary atmospheric pressure and cold resistance in mice, as well as changes in the production of lipid peroxides(LPO) in rats were kept under observation. Results:TSAB at doses of 10 and 20 mg•kg1 was shown to have effects similar to those of AEG at a dose of 600 mg•kg1 including striking prolongation of the time of swimming and extension of the survival time under conditions of hypoxia and cold in mice. TSAB was also found to exert a dramatic inhibitory effect on the production of LPO in middleaged and senile rats. Conclusion:The results of the experiments suggest that TSAB has a prominent antisenility effect.
  • 药物研究
    The Antineoplastic Property of Chitosan and Its Effect on the Immune Function of the Tumorbearing Mouse
    HE Xuebin;XIE Cunkuan;SHEN Kai;JIANG Peng;LI Ying;ZENG Ling
    2003, 22(4): 228-231.
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    Objective:To survey the antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities of chitosan. Methods: The antineoplastic activity and immunomodulating effects of chitosan were tested both in an in vivo experiment(using transplantable animal tumors) and in vitro assay (using the MTT method). Results:The inhibition rates of chitosan on sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma were 59.33% and 52.17%, respectively. Chitosan was also shown to exert definite antagonistic action against leukopenia, bone marrow suppression, thymic and splenic atrophy and deterioration of vital activity resulted from cyclophosphamide in tumorbearing mice (P＜0.05～0.01). Besides, chitosan was found to restore phagocytic function of the macrophage and the formation of serum hemolysin antibody(P＜0.01). It also significantly enhanced NK cell killing activity in mice(P＜0.01). Experiment in vitro demonstrated that chitosan had no direct killing effects on tumor cells.Conclusion:Chitosan was shown to have a definite antineoplastic effect. It could promote the immune function of tumorbearing mice and mitigate the toxic and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents.
    • 论文
  • 论文
    Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B with Oxymatrine Injection in Combination with Lamivudine
    HUANG Jiaquan;LI Xiaodan;ZHANG Zebo;HU Cuilan;QI Junying;TIAN Deying
    2003, 22(4): 233-234.
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    Objective:To survey the effect of oxymatrine injection combined with lamivudine in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.Methods:80 patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) were randomly divided into two equal groups. Patients of the treatment group were given each 400 mg of oxymatrine injection, I.M. q.d. and 100 mg of lamivudine, PO q.d. while those of the control group were given each 100 mg of lamivudine, PO q.d. alone. The course of treatment in both groups lasted 12～24 weeks. Changes in liver function, serum markers of HBV and indices of hepatic fibrosis before and after the treatment were kept under observation.Results:Liver function of patients in both groups was found to improve dramatically. The rates of serum turning negative for HBVDNA were 90.0% and 85.0% in the treatment group and control group, respectively(P＞0.05). The rates of serum turning negative for HBeAg, however, were 47.5% and 27.5% in the treatment group and control group, respectively(P＜0.05). lndices of hepatic fibrosis including serum concelntrations of hyalurorhic acid(HA), procollagen type Ⅲ(PCⅢ), collagen type Ⅳ(CⅣ) and laminin(LN) were markedly lowered. The differences were significant in both groups when compared with those parameters before the treatmnet(P＜0.05). Serum levels of HA and CⅣ were lower in the treatment group than in the control group(P＜0.05) after the treatment.Conclusion:Oxymatrine injection combined with lamivudine was found to improve liver function, exert synergistic antiviral effect and promote the process of antifibrosis in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
  • 论文
    Alprostadil in the Treatment of Azotemia Resulted from Severe Viral Hepatitis or Cirrhosis of the Liver
    CHEN Aiping;GIE Shenghua
    2003, 22(4): 235-236.
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    Objective:To study the therapeutic effect of alprostadil in the treatment of azotemia caused by severe viral hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver. Methods:30 patients with azotemia caused by severe hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group(n＝15) and the control group(n＝15). On the basis of the combined treatment including liver protection and diuresis, patients of the treatment group were given each a daily dose of 10 μg of alprostadil while those of the control group were given each 20 mg of dopamine. Both drugs were dissolved in 250 mL of 10% glucose solution and administered by interavenous instillation. The course of treatment in both groups lasted 4 weeks.Results:The effective rates of the treatment and the control group were 60.0%, and 33.3%, respectively(P＜0.05). The descent of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and total serum bilirubun in the treatment group was more striking than in the control group(P＜0.05). Meanwhile, the ascent of serum［Na＋］ in the treatment group was also more prominent than in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion: Alprostadil was shown to have a fairly good therapeutic effect in the treatment of azotemia caused by severe hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver.
  • 论文
    Alprostadil in the Treatment of 42 Patients with Severe Viral Hepatitis
    CHEN Hui
    2003, 22(4): 236-238.
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    Objective:To survey the curative effects of alprostadil injection in the treatment of severe viral hepatitis.Methods:82 patients with severe viral hepatitis were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group(42 cases) and the control group(40 cases). Patients of the control group were subjected to routine therapeutic program including hepatinica, jaundice treating drugs as well as symptomatic and supportive treatment. On the basis of the routine therapeutic program, patients of the treatment group were given each a daily Ⅳ instillation of 10 μg of alprostadil injection. The course of treatment lasted 15 days and a second course was ordered when necessary. The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were kept under observation. Results:The effective rate of the treatment group (69.0%) was higher than that of the control group(47.5%)(P＜0.05). The total serum bilirubin(Tbil) in patients of the treatment group dropped to a significantly lower level than that of the control group(P＜0.05), The level of factor Ⅱ activity significantly higher, and the incidence of hepatorenal syndrome evidently lower in patients of the treatment group than in those of the control group (P＜0.05). Adverse reactions were mild in patients of the treatment group.Conclusion:Alprostadil injection was shown to be effective in the treatment of severe viral hepatitis.
  • 论文
    A Clinical Study of Heluoshugan Capsules in the Treatment of Posthepatitic Cirrhosis
    ZHANG Jingliang;WANG Tiandong
    2003, 22(4): 238-239.
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    Objective:To probe into the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of Heluoshugan capsules in the treatment of posthepatitic cirrhosis. Methods:85 patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis were randomly divided into two groups,the treatment group(n＝45) and the control group(n＝40). Patients of the control group were subjected to combined liverprotection therapy. On the basis of the combined therepy, patients of the treatment group were given each 5 Heluoshugan capsules, t.i.d., PO. The course of the treatment lasted 3 months. Results:The effective rates were 91.1% and 55.0% in the treatment group and control group, respectively(P＜0.01). The improvement in clinical symptoms and signs as well as the amelioration of the liver function were far more pronounced in the treatment group than in the control group(P＜0.01). No serious adverse reactions were encountered. Conclusion:Heluoshugan capsules were shown to have a fairly good and definite therapeutic effect in the treatment of posthepatitic cirrhosis and the authors suggest to spread the clinical application of the drug.
  • 论文
    75 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Treated with Compound Zhenzhuchongcao Capsules
    HAN Dazheng;LIU Chunxia;WANG Yunjie
    2003, 22(4): 240-241.
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    Objective:To survey the curative effect of compound zhenzhuchongcao capsules in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B associated with liver fibrosis. Methods:124 patients with chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into two groups. 75 patients of the treatment group were given each 4 capsules of compound zhenzhuchongcao b.i.d. PO while 49 patients of the control group were treated t.i.d. with yiganning to be taken after being infused in boiling water. The course of treatment in both groups lasted 6 mon. Changes in the pathological histology of the liver and the 4 serum indices reflecting hepatic fibrosis were kept under observation. Results:The rates of dramatic improvement in clinical symptoms and serum ALT normalization in the treatment group were 64.3% and 91.0%, respectively, while those in the control group were 34.2% and 20.1%(P＜0.05), respectively. The levels of the 4 serum indices in the treatment group were significantly lowered(P＜0.01), while those in the control group showed no evident improvement(P＞0.05). As to the pathologic histology of the liver, striking amelioration in inflammation and fibrosis (P＜0.05, P＜0.01) was demonstrated in the treatment group, while no apparent inprovement was shown in the control group. Conclusion:Compound zhenzhuchongcao capsules were shown to be fairly effective in improving clinical symptoms and mitigating hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
    • 药物与临床
  • 药物与临床
    Dynamic Changes in the Immune Function of Heroin Dependents Before and After Abstinence
    MA Jie;TIAN Yi;LU Zongzheng
    2003, 22(4): 245-246.
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    Objective:To study the state of immune functions of heroin dependents and changes in these functions after abstinence. Methods:Peripheral blood was taken respectively from 60 heroin dependents (abstinence group) and 70 healthy subjects (control group) for determination of Tlymphocyte subsets, interleukin(IL)2, IL4, interferon (IFN)γ, soluble interleukin2 receptor (sIL2R), IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and C4. Results:In comparison with the healthy controls, heroin dependents were shown to have a significant decrease in the number of CD3 and CD4 cells as well as the ratio of CD4/CD8 (P＜0.01). Heroin dependents had also lower level of IL2 and IFNγ but higher level IL4 (P＜0.01). Besides, they showed a striking reduction in IgG, C3 and C4 (P＜0.01). 2～3 months after abstinence, recovery to some extent happened to all the ten parameters (P＜0.05) except that CD4, CD4/CD8, IL2 and IFNγ still remained abnormal (P＜0.05).Conclusion:A significant impairment of both cellular immunity and humoral immunity in heroin dependents was demonstrated, including an unbalanced Th1/Th2 ratio. Within 2～3 months after abstinence, althongh their immune function tended to recover, it still remained at a low level. More attention should be paid clinically to such a population of people during a relatively long period of time
  • 药物与临床
    A Comparative Study of Peripheral Blood Oxygen Saturation Before and After Extubation in Patients under Enflurane Anesthesia
    FANG Zhen;LIU Lingyun;LUO AiLin
    2003, 22(4): 247-248.
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    Objective:To survey the changes in peripheral blood oxygen saturation(SpO2) before and after extubation in patients under enflurane anesthesia. Methods:40 ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ patients arranged for exploratory laparotomy were selected as subjects of the study. Anesthesia was maintained by continuous inhalation of 2% enflurane supplemented with intermittent intravenous administration of atracurium. The anesthesia lasted one hour and fifty minutes in average. Changes in SpO2 before and after extubation without and with oxygen inhalation were kept under observation.Results:SpO2 was found to drop markedly after extubation if oxygen was not given(P＜0.01). However, the SpO2 rose quickly to a normal level if oxygen inhalation was renewed. Conclusion:The authors of the present paper suggest that low flow oxygen should be given routinely to patients after extubation to prevent postoperative hypoxia.
  • 药物与临床
    A Clinical Study of the Treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome with Porcine Modified Natural Surfactant
    CAI Yun;ZHANG Xuehua;WANG Qingwen
    2003, 22(4): 248-251.
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    Objective:To investigate the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of porcine modified natural surfactant in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods:47 newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were divided into two groups, with 23 in the treatment group and 24 in the control group. Patients of both groups were subjected to routine treatments including heat preseration, antiinfection, intravenous fluid administration and maintenance of electrolyte and acidbase balance. Besides, patients of the treatment group were given each two daily doses of 100 mg•kg1 of porcine natural surfactant administered by intratracheal instillation. Clinical manifestations, arterial blood gases, parameters of artificial ventilation and changes in chest roentgenograms of the patients in both groups were kept under observation. Results:Hypoxemia and dyspnea in patients of the treatment group were rapidly relieved after administration of the porcine natural surfactant. There was a remarkable improvement in arterial blood gases and parameters of artificial ventilation within 2 h after the medication. The condition of patients of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group with respect to arterial blood gases and FiO2 24 h after the medication(P＜0.01). However, differences were insignificant between the two groups in the case of PIP or PEEP. Moreover, better results were noted in patients of the treatment group with regard to chest roentgenograms, duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, as well as clinical course and prognosis.Conclusion:Porcine natural surfactant was shown to have a definite therapeutic effect in the treatment of NRDS by leading to rapid improvement in oxygenation, shortened duration of ventilation support, oxygen therapy and clinical course.
  • 药物与临床
    Azithromycin in the Treatment of Mycoplasmal Pneumonia in Children
    HUANG Yongjian;ZHANG Jianyi;LIN Hanhua
    2003, 22(4): 251-252.
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    Objective：To evaluate the clinical therapeutic effectiveness and safety rate of azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasmal pneumonia in children. Methods：80 patients with mycoplasmal pneumonia were randomly divided into 2 equal groups with 40 children each. The study was carried out with the monoblind method. Patients of the treatment group were given each a daily dose of 10 mg•kg1 of azithromycin which was diluted to a concentration of 1～2 mg•mL1 with 0.9% sodium chloride solution and administered by IV instillation q 12 h. Each instillation lasted no less than 60 min. 3～7 days later azithromycin was given PO. Patients of the control group were given each a daily dose of 15～30 mg•kg1 of erythromycin diluted with 10% glucose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution to a concentration of 1 mg•mL1 and administered by IV instillation. The course of treatment in both groups lasted 7～10 days. Results：The rates of excellent therapeutic effectiveness on day 3 were 72.5% and 37.5% in patients of the treatment group and control group, respectively. The cure rates on day 7 were 50.0% and 23.7%, while those on day 10 were 95.0% and 77.5% in patients of the treatment group and control group, respectively. The incidences of adverse reactions were 10% and 30% in patients of the treatment group and control group, respectively. Erythromycin was discontinued in 2 patients of the control group owing to severe adverse reactions. Conclusion：Azithromycin was shown to have the advantages of quick action, high curative effect and low incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of childhood mycoplasmal pneumnonia as comparel with erythromycin
  • 药物与临床
    Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis with Hollow Pessary of Lomefloxacin Hydrochloride
    HAN Cuiyan;SUN Yingchun;LI Xiulan;ZHAI Weiyu;CHENG Guoping
    2003, 22(4): 252-254.
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    Objective:To survey the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of hollow pessaries (HP) of lomefloxacin hydrochloride in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV). Methods:102 patients with BV were randomly divided into two groups. Patients of the control group(n＝34) were given each daily one pessary of tinidazole (0.3 g), while those of the treatment group(n＝68) were given each daily one HP of lomefloxacin hydrochloride(0.3 g). The therapeutic effectiveness was kept under observation on the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 7th days of treatment. Results:The total cure rates were 100% (68/68) in the treatment group and 88.2%(30/34) in the control group, respectively(P＜0.05). The average time of medication necessitated by patients of the treatment group(3.4 d)was significantly shorter than that of the control group(6.7 d)(P＜0.01). Conclusion:HP of lomefloxacin hydrochloride was found to have a good effect in the treatment of BV.
    • 药品质量控制
  • 药品质量控制
    Quantitative Determination of Emodin and Chrysophanol in Yinhuhuang Tablets with HPLC
    DING Shuiping;HE Guofang;DU Guang
    2003, 22(4): 265-266.
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    Objective:To determine the content of emodin and chrysophanol in yinhuhuang tablets with HPLC.Methods:The conditions for content determination with HPLC were as follows: A Nova Pak C18 column served as the chromatographic column, the mobile phase was composed of methanol －0.1% phosphate solution (9∶1), the flow rate, 1 mL•min1, the wavelength for measurement, 428 nm; and the column temperature, 40℃. Results:The recovery rates for emodin and chrysophanol were 97.57% and 97.38%, respectively, according with the requirements of the assay. The RSD for reproducibility test were 1.93% and 2.10% for emodin and chrysophanol, respectively.Conclusion:HPLC was shown to be suitable for the content determination of emodin and chrysophanol in the preparation.
    • 用药指南
  • 用药指南
    A Study of the Stabilility of Compatibility of Aciclovir Sodium for Injection and Cefradine in Normal Saline
    SHANG Guomei;YU Jia;FANG Shungan;WANG Guifa
    2003, 22(4): 272-274.
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    Objective:To examine the stability of compatibility of aciclovir sodium for injection and cefradine in normal saline(NS) at 25±5℃.Methods:Reversed phase highperformance liquid chromatography method was used to determine the contents of aciclovir sodium and cefradine in NS at various time periods within 18 h. The outward character of the solution was kept under observatien and the pH and number of particles were determined.Results:When aciclovir sodium and cefradine were mixed in NS for less than 8 h, the contents of both drugs were higher than 98%. However, at the 18th h, the contents of the two drugs were slightly reduced, and the colour of the solution turned light yellow. No obvious changes were found in pH and number of particles. Conclusion:Aaciclovir sodium for injection and cefradine were shown to be compatible within 8 h when mixed in NS
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