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    药物研究
  • 药物研究
    An Experimental Study of the Antipyretic Effect of Xiaoertuiretie Antifebrile Straps for Children
    HUA Neng;LIU Changyu;WANG Qi;CHEN Ruquan;ZHOU Yuping;ZHU Qitao
    2002, 21(09): 540-541.
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    Objective:To evaluate the antipyretic effect of Xiaoertuiretie in an experimental study.Methods:An animal model of fever was set up in rabbits according to the methods described in practical animal models of syndromes defined by the traditional chinese medicine. The rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups, receiving large, medium, and small dosages of Xiaoertuiretie, 0.9% sodium chloride injection and compound aspirin (APC), respectively. Dynamic changes in body temperature of the animals were recorded in different periods after the treatment and a temperature reaction curve was plotted. Results:Xiaoertuiretie began to exert its antipyretic effect 90 min after medication and it was in this way similar to APC. The antipyretic effect of Xiaoertuiretie lasted 360 min while that of APC, 300 min(P＜0.05). Conclusion:Xiaoertuiretie was shown to have a striking antipyretic effect on the fever induced by inactivated E.Coli in rabbits. Its antipyretic effect was comparable with that of APC and lasted even longer than that of APC.
  • 药物研究
    Studies of the Antilipid Peroxidation Effect of Radix Astragali
    ZHANG Yanyan;YAN Min;WEN Xueming
    2002, 21(09): 542-543.
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    Objective:To probe into the antilipid peroxidation effect of radix astragali. Methods:After mice had been given concentrated solution of radix astragali through stomach tubes, the contents of lipid peroxide (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and selenium (Se) in the liver, brain and serum,as wells the content of lipofuscin in the myocardium were determined. Results:Radix astragali was shown to have a remarkable inhibitory effect on the in vitro lipid formation in homogenates of the liver and brain, as well as on the serum LPO level and the lipofuscin content in the myocardium(P＜0.05). The SOD activity however, was significantly enhanced(P＜0.05) and the Se content in the body tissues was increased by radix astragali.Conclusion:Radix astragali was found to prevent peroxidation induced by free radicals, and alleviate biomembrane impairment caused by free radicals. It seems therefore that radix astragali may have an antisenility effect
    • 泌尿系统和男科药物专栏
  • 泌尿系统和男科药物专栏
    A Comparison between the Therapeutic Effects of Mycophenolate Mofetil and Azathioprine in the Management of Patients after Renal Transplantation
    SUN Chengchun;HAO Junwen;SUN Jun;YANG Dean
    2002, 21(09): 544-546.
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    Objective:To compare the effects of mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) and azathioprine(Aza) in kidney graft recipients after renal transplantation. Methods:86 kidney graft recipients after renal transplantation were randomly divided into group MMF and group Aza. Patients of the group MMF(n＝40) were subjected to the triple drug treatment scheme: cyclosoprine A(CsA)＋ MMF＋ prednisone(Pred). The drug treatment scheme of the group Aza(n＝46) was CsA+ Aza+ Pred. Function of the liver and kidney as well as the whole blood concentration of CsA were monitored at regular intervals for patients of both groups. The period of observation lasted 1 year. Results:The restoration of normal renal function in patients of both groups was basically alike. However, the serum level of creatinine in patients of the group MMF was significantly lower than that of the group Aza. The amount of CsA used and its blood concentration were also remarkably lower in patients of the group MMF than those of the group Aza. MMF had better therapeutic effects on acute and chronic rejections than Aza. Differences were insignificant between the two groups with respect to gastrointestinal reactions, leukopenia, infection ect. The incidence of druginduced liver injury in patients of the group Aza was higher than that of the group MMF. Conclusion:Triple drug medication including MMF was found to be more advantageous to the function restoration of the kidney graft and lowering of the incidence of hepatorenal toxicity.
  • 泌尿系统和男科药物专栏
    The Effect of BCG Combined with IL2 in the Prevention of Tumor Recurrence after the Operation for Bladder Cancer
    WANG Xulei;HAO Junwen;SHEN Yizhen;YANG Dean;LI Xiangtie
    2002, 21(09): 547-548.
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    Objective:To survey the effect of BCG combined with IL2 in the prevention of tumor recurrence after the operation for superficial bladder cancer. Methods:After the operation for superficial bladder cancer, 46 patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, with 23 cases each. One week after the surgery, patients of the treatment group began to be subjected each to a weekly intravesical instillation of 60 mg BCG and 5×105 U of IL2 in 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection through a catheter. The solution was retained in the bladder for 2 hours. During this time, the patients were asked to change their posture every 20 min. 6 weeks later, the instillation was changed from weekly to monthly. The total course lasted 2 years. Patients of the control group received each 20 mg of mitomycin C (MMC) for each intravesical instillation in the same manner as described.Results:In a followup study of 44 patients lasting 1332 months (with an average of 23.6 months), 7 patients were found to suffer tumor recurrence. Of these, 2 were from the treatment group, the rate of recurrence being 9.1%, while 5 were from the control group, the rate of recurrence being 22.7%. The remaining 2 patients were missed in the followup study, one from each group. Conclusion:The effect of intravesical instillation of BCG combined with IL2 is obviously better than that of MMC in the prevention of tumor recurrence in patients after operation of superficial bladder cancer.
    • 药物与临床
  • 药物与临床
    The Effect of Huangqi Injection in the Treatment of Tardive Neuropathy Caused by Acute Organophosphorous Insecticide Poisoning
    XIAO Guilin;JIN Yiqiang;LUO Xuehong
    2002, 21(09): 558-560.
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    Objective:To survey the curative effects of Huangqi injection in the treatment of tardive neuropathy caused by acute organophosphorous insecticide poisoning. Methods:34 cases were randomly divided into two groups according to methods described by Doll. Patients of the control group (18 cases) were subjected to conventional therapy［vitamin B12 500 μg,I.M.,twice a week;20 mg each of vitamin B6, vitamin B1 and ATP 3 tablets of Fufangdanshen(red sage root) tablet, p.o., t.i.d.; symptomatic and supporting treatment］. On the basis of the conventional therapy, patients of the treatment group (16 cases) were given each additionally 30 ml of Huangqi injection in 200 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection administered by intravenous dripping, b.i.d., for 6 consecutive days per week. The course of treatment lasted 3 months. The state of the recovery of myodynamia in patients with tardive neuropathy was kept under observation, and the conduction velocity of the common fibular nerve and the median nerve was tested with electromyograph.Results:The rate of prominent therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment group was 43.7%, while that of the control group, 5.6%(P＜0.01). The recovery of myodynamia and the conduction velocity of the nerves in patients of the treatment group was remarkably better than that of the control group, the difference being highly significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion:Huangqi injection was found to have a fairly good curative effect in the treatment of tardive neuropathy caused by acute organophosphorous insecticide poisoning.
  • 药物与临床
    Treatment of 230 Cases of Vaginal Bleeding in Late Pregnancy Caused by Placenta Previa with Magnesium Sulfate
    LIN Ping;HAO Junxiu
    2002, 21(09): 561-562.
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    Objective:To Survey the efficacy and safety rate of intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of vaginal bleeding caused by placenta previa. Methods:The treatment group comprised 230 cases of placenta previa. Each of these patients was given a loading dose of 4 g of magnesium sulfate 16 ml of 25% magnesium sulfate in 250 ml of 10% glucose solution by rapid intravenous infusion within 30min,followed by maintaining intravenous dripping of 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate per hour (40 mL of 25% magnesium sulfate in 500 mL of 10% glucose solution). The treatment was discontinued 12 h after the uterine contractions disappeared and vaginal bleeding stopped. If bleeding recurred, the treatment was repeated, beginning from the loading dose. However, the total daily dose of magnesium sulfate should not exceed 30 g. In the same period of time, 50 patients with placenta previa of similar conditions served as controls, who were given each an intramuscular injection of 0.2－0.3 g phenobarbital sodium every 4－6 hours. Results:Magnesium sulfate treatment was successful in 227 patients (98.7%) of the treatment group, while only 17 cases(34.0%) of the controls responded well to phenobarbital sodium therapy. The difference was highly significant(P＜0.01). However, the differences between the rate and amount of postpartum hemorrhage of the two groups were insignificant(P＞0.05). No side effects were noticed during magnesium sulfate administration, either in the mother or in the fetus. Conclusion:Intravenous adminustration of magnesium sulfate was fairly effective and safe in the treatment of patients with placenta previa and thus may be the drug of first choice
  • 药物与临床
    The Anesthetic Effect of Articaine Hydrochloride Compound in the Treatment of Endodontitis
    CHENG Xiaohua
    2002, 21(09): 563-564.
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    Objective:To survey the anesthetic effect of articaine hydrochloride compound in the treatment of endodontitic. Methods:66 patients with endodontitis of 74 teeth were randomly selected for the study. After local disinfection, the afflicted tooth was submitted to topical submucosal infiltration anesthesia by injection of 1.7 mL of articaine hydrochloride compound into the buccal or labial side of the root apex region. Results:72 teeth of 64 patients were successfully anesthetized within 5 min. The total effective rate was 97.3%. Only 2 patients felt a slight pain. No systemic adverse reactions were noticed. Conclusion:Articaine hydrochloride compound was found to be capable of anesthetizing the pulpal nerves, thus rendering painless treatment possible.
  • 药物与临床
    Octreotide in the Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, A Report of 46 Cases
    XU Ling;QU Yinzong;MIAO Shengju
    2002, 21(09): 564-565.
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    Objective:To probe into the therapeutic effect of octreotide in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods:88 patients with upper gastrointestinsl hemorrhage were randomly divided into a treatment group (46 cases) and a control group (42 cases). Patients of the treatment group were given each an intravenous injection of 0.1 mg octreotide followed by a 6～8 hour intravenous dripping of another 0.1 mg octreotide in 250 mL 5% glucose solution. The treatment was repeated for 2～5 consecutive days. Each patients of the control group received daily a 6～8 hour intravenous dripping of 10～20 U pituitrin in 250 mL 5% glucose solution for 2～5 consecutive days.Results:The hemostatic effect in patients of the treatment group was strikingly superior to that control group. Rate of recurrent hemorrhage as well as case fatality rate within one week after the treatment was lower in the treatment group than in the control group. Conclusion:Octreotide is quick to act, easy to use and has no side effects in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
  • 药物与临床
    A Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Reflux Esophagitis with Omeprazole
    YANG Guoping;GUO Yuxian
    2002, 21(09): 566-567.
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    Objective:To survey the effect of omeprazole in the treatment of reflux esophagitis. Methods:150 patients with reflux esophagitis diagnosed by endoscopy were given each 20 mg of omeprazole p.o., q.d..2, 4 and 6 weeks after the beginning of the medication, the effects of the drug on the symptoms such as sour regurgitation, heart burn and reflux of food were kept under observation. Gastroscopy was repeated 6 weeks after the beginning of the treatment for appraising the cure rate. Results:2 weeks of omeprazole treatment resulted in a dramatic abatement of symptoms, with a significant decrease in the symptoms scores(P＜0.01). The rates of significant effectualness of symptomatic treatment were 53.3%, 80.7% and 88.0% after 2,4 and 6 weeks of medication, respectively. (Rates of the 4 th and 6 th weeks versus rate of the 2 nd week, P＜0.01). The total effective rate of symptom abatement was 96.2% after 6 weeks of treatment. At the same time, the cure rate of Grade I esophagitis (97.5%) was higher than that (75.0%) of Grade Ⅱ esophagitis. The cure rate of Grade Ⅲ and Grade Ⅳ esophagitis was 66.7%. The differences, however, were insignificant. Conclusion:Omeprazole was found to be an effective medicine in the treatment of reflux esophagitis.
    • 药物制剂
  • 药物制剂
    Preparation and Clinical Application of Fulening, A Slow release Membrane Drug
    CUI Baoju
    2002, 21(09): 575-576.
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    Objective:To prepare and develop a new type of slowrelease membrane drug Fulening for external use and to survey its clinical therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of vaginitis. Methods:The drug membrane was prepared with the use of materials including tinidazole, small amount of diethylstilbestrol, and vitamine B1, vitamine B2, vitamine B6, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. It was used externally to treat patients with trichomonal vaginitis, colpomycosis, senile vaginitis and bacterial vaginitis, totaling 355 cases. The drug membrane was used once daily or every other day, for 5 to 7 times. Results:The slowrelease membrane drug Fulening was subjected to quality control. The overall effective rate in the treatment of vaginitis was 99.2%, while patients with bacterial vaginitis were 100.0% cured. No adverse reactions were noticed. Conclusion:The slowrelease membrane drug was shown to have a good therapeutic effect in the treatment of vaginitis. It is easy to use, has no toxic and side effects and is therefore worth spreading its application.
    • 药品质量控制
  • 药品质量控制
    Preparation and Content Determination of Secnidazole Gel
    XUE Daquan;XIE Yun;MEI Hongwu;TU Junwen
    2002, 21(09): 578-579.
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    Objective:To prepare a secnidazole gel and set up a method of its content determination. Method:Carboxyvinyl polymer 941 as the excipient in the preparation of the gel, and first order derivative spectrophotometry was used in the content determination of the gel. Results:The gel prepared was even and stable, with an average rate of recovery of 99.9% (RSD 0.206%). Conclusion:Carboxyinyl polymer may serve as the excipient in the preparation of secnidazol gel. Determination of the content with first order derivative spectrophotometry was accurate and reliable.
  • 药品质量控制
    Determination of Nimodipine Content in Tablets by First Order Derivative Spectrophotometry
    LIANG Xuange
    2002, 21(09): 580-581.
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    Objective:To set up a method using first order derivative spectrophotometry for the determination of nimodipine content in tablets and to eliminate interference from excipients during the assay. Method:The content of nimodipine in tablets was determinated by means of first order derivative spectrophotometry,in which the quantitative calculations were based on the peak height at 231 nm and valley height at 243 nm.Results:The correlation coefficient was 0.999 8. The average recovery was 100.75%,with a relative standard deviation of 0.70%. Conclusion:The method is simple ,rapid,accurate and reliable.
  • 药品质量控制
    Determination of Clonidine Hydrochloride in Clobolin Tablets
    WEI Shichao;XU Lijun;HE Guofang;ZENG Qin
    2002, 21(09): 583-584.
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    Objective:To set up a method for the determination of clonidine hydrochloride in clobolin tablets.Method:Ionpair extraction and spectrophotometry were used and the detection wavelenth was 412 nm. Results:A linear relationship was found when the content of clonidine hydrochloride was in a range of 10.3～61.8 mg•mL1 The average recovery was 98.6%, with an RSD of 1.78%.Conclusion:The method is accurate and suitable for the determination of clonidine hydrochloride in clobolin tablets.
    • 用药指南
  • 用药指南
    Comparison of Two Dosage Schemes of Intravenously Administered Gamma Globulin for the Treatment of Patients with Kawasaki Disease
    WANG Huafeng
    2002, 21(09): 586-587.
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    Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of single high dose of gamma globulin in the treatment of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD).Methods:26 patients with KD were randomly divided into two groups. Patients of the treatment group(n＝15)were given each a single dose of gamma globulin (2 g•kg1) by intravenous dripping while each patient of the control group(n＝11) received a daily intravenous dripping of 400 mg•kg1 of gamma globulin for five consecutive days. Patients of both groups were given aspirin p.o. additionally. Results:The total febrile period of patients of the treatment group (9.7±3.1 days) was shorter than that (11.4±5.3 days) of the control group(P＜0.05). The incidence of EKG abnormalities in patients of the treatment group (10.7%) was lower than that (24.8%) of the control group (P＜0.05). The incidence of impairments of coronary arteries in patients of the treatment group (18.1%) was also lower than that (25.3%) of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Single high dose of gamma globulin administered intravenously was found to be effective in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular impairment in patients with KD.
  • 用药指南
    A Costeffect Analysis of Cefepime and Ceftazidime in the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections
    TAN Xianwen;WEN Yuguan
    2002, 21(09): 588-589.
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    Objective:To compare the economic benefits of cefepime and ceftazidime in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.Methods:68 patients with lower respiratory tract infections were randomly divided into group A and group B. 36 patients of group A were treated with cefepime, while 32 patients of group B received ceftazidime treatment. The economic benefits were evaluated by a pharmacoeconomic costeffect analysis. Results:The costeffect of cefepime (cure rate: 146.55±49.29; efficacy rate: 64.66±21.75)was lower than that of ceftazidime (cure rate: 164.38±54.97; efficacy rate: 67.60±22.74) in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. Conclusion:Cefepime is superior to ceftazidime in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections as appraised by the costeffect.
    • 药物不良反应
  • 药物不良反应
    An Analysis of 55 Cases of Allergic Shock Induced by Cephalosporins
    HU Wanfang;HU Yunxin;YANG Junqing
    2002, 21(09): 600-602.
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    Objective:To delineate the characteristics and regularities of allergic shock induced by cephalosporins so as to prevent its recurrence and promote the rational use of drugs.Methods:The case reports of cephalosporinsinduced allergic shock were retrieved and collected from 34 main periodicals on pharmaceutics during the period of 1996 to 2001. Then a descriptive analysis of the data was conducted by using the literature metrological methods. Results:Great precautions should be taken as the cephalosporinsinduced allergic shock develops very quickly and cause very high mortality rate. Conclusion:Family history, anaphylactic constitution and anaphylactogenesis history as well as the skin test should be taken in detail before the use of cephalosporins so as to guarantee the safety.
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