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  • 01 August 2015 Volume 34 Issue 8
      

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  • PU Yongjie,KONG Wei,XU Ting
    Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of liraglutide for obesity or overweight. Methods Random controlled trials of liraglutide for obesity or overweight were gathered from MEDLINE, EMbase, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP and WanFang.We screened the retrieved studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluated the quality of included studies, and then performed meta-analyses with The Cochrane Collaboration's Revman 5.3.0 software. Results Twelve randomized controlled trials of liraglutide for obesity or overweight were included, in which 11 trials were written in English and one trial in Chinese.The results of meta-analyses showed that the body weight was significantly reduced in the liraglutide group than in placebo, insulin, exenatide and glimepiride groups [RR=-0.91,95%CI(-1.01,-0.81),P<0.000 01; RR=-2.88,95%CI(-3.37,-2.39),P<0.000 01; RR=-1.12,95%CI(-1.32,-0.92),P<0.000 01; RR=0.45,95%CI(-0.62,-0.27),P<0.000 01].Moreover, liraglutide had significant effect in decreasing HbA1c and systolic blood pressure of patients with obesity or overweight. Conclusion Liraglutide is effective for controlling body weight of patients with obesity or overweight.But its long-term efficacy still needs to be confirmed by performing more RCTs with high quality, large sample and long term follow-up.
  • LIU Zhenning, GAO Songlan, ZHANG Honglei, ZHAO Min
    Objective To study inhibition effect of rosiglitazone on lung injury induced by paraquat. Methods 72 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=24): model control group, paraquat (PQ) was administered intraperitoneally at the dose of 20 mg·kg-1; rosiglitazone group, rosiglitazone (10 mg·kg-1, ip) was administered 1 h before PQ administration; blank control group, 1 mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution was administered intraperitoneally.The concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum was measured by ELISA at 4, 8 h and 1, 3 day(s) after PQ exposure.The lung injury scores and nuclear factor - kappa B(NF-κB) positive signal were investigated 3 days after PQ exposure by HE staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively.Protein expression levels of NF-κB and activating protein-1(AP-1) were also determined by using Western blotting. Results The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum of PQ-treated rats were significantly increased as compared with blank control group.Rosiglitazone pretreatment reduced the degree of lung tissue injury, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum, and the protien expression levels of NF-κB and AP-1 as compared with the model control group. Conclusion Rosiglitazone can inhibit NF-κB and AP-1 protein expression in lung tissue, reduce the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum after PQ exposure, and exert an inhibition effect on inflammation in PQ-induced lung injury of rats.
  • WANG Xinghong, ZHENG Yaping, WANG Lifei
    Objective To explore the protective effect of liraglutide (Li) on the proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) of rats induced by high glucose. Methods The PTECs of rats were obtained by primary culture and divided into normal control group (NC), model control group (HG), HG+low-dose Li group, HG+ medium-dose Li group, and HG+high-dose Li group (n=6 in each group).After 72 h of incubation, the activity of Na/K-ATPase in PTECs was measured by the liquid scintillation counter.Protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was measured by Western blotting.Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in culture supernatants were measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with NC, activity of Na/K-ATPase [(2 737.88±317.22) μmol·g-1·h-1] and the protein expression of TLR4 in PTECs, IL-6, TNF-α and PAI-1 in culture supernatants were significantly increased in HG (P<0.05, or P<0.01).Compared with HG, activity of Na/ K-ATPase and the protein expression of TLR4 in cells, IL-6, TNF-α and PAI-1 in culture supernatants reduced significantly in HG+ medium- or high dose Li groups (P<0.05, or P<0.01). Conclusion Liraglutide can inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and stabilize the Na/ K-ATPase’s activity in PTECs in high glucose environment.Therefore, it may play a role in kidney protection.
  • XIE Huibo, TANG Yan, LIU Qingqing
    Objective To study chronic nephrotoxicity of Penthorum chinense.To provide a scientific evidence for the development and application of Penthorum chinense in food and drug. Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12), 0.9% sodium chloride solution group and three Penthorum chinense treated groups.The Penthorum chinense groups were treated by intragastric administration with 5,10,20 g·kg-1 crude drug once a day for 3 months.The levels of Urea, UA, Cre in serum were detected, and the HE dyeing was chosen to observe the kidney morphology. Results The body weight, nephritic organ quotiety, and the level of Urea, UA, and Cre in each exposure group have no statistically significant difference compared with 0.9% sodium chloride solution group (P>0.05).There were no obvious kidney morphology changes in the Penthorum chinense group(F=1.37,P=0.268). Conclusion The kidney morphology and function of rat shows no apparente injury after long-term intragastric administration of Penthorum chinense.
  • ZHANG Xiaoxue, JIA Junting, LUO Pan, CHEN Cheng, GUO Lianjun
    Objective To determine the neuroprotective effect of clonidine on primary cultured cortical neurons in rats exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) injury. Methods Cortical neurons cultured for 8 days were randomly assigned to the three groups: normal control group, model control group, and clonidine pretreatment group.OGD injury model was established by chemical hypoxia and glucose deprivation in incubation liquid for 4 h.Clonidine (1.0, 3.0, 10 μmol·L-1) was added 24 h before OGD injury.Neuronal injury was evaluated by MTT staining and the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Results Under the microscope, primary cultured cortical neurons in normal control group presented great density, round size, smooth edge, and high diopter,The suvival rate of neurons and the percentage of LDH releasing were (100.00±32.12)% and (100.00±37.51)%, respectively.After exposure to OGD injury, cortical neurons showed karyopyknosis, incomplete cell membranes, low diopters and a significant reduction in optical density of MTT staining.In addition, the suvival rate of neurons and the percentage of LDH releasing were (53.61±7.62)% and (166.07±9.65)% separately compared with normal control group.In the group with pretreatment of different concentrations of clonidine (1.0, 3.0, 10 μmol·L-1), morphological changes induced by OGD injury were significantly reversed and optical density of MTT staining was dose-dependently raised.The percentages of survival neurons much higher than that of model control group were [(67.53±10.54)%, (71.50±9.79)% and (87.48±5.29)%, separately] and the obvious reductions of LDH releasing were [(136.45±25.72)%, (130.92±24.94)% and (121.63±32.68)%, respectively]. Conclusion Clonidine can exert neuroprotection against OGD-induced injury in primary cultured cortical neurons in rats.
  • LI Jie,LIU Mengzhou,LI Weiyong,JIA Mengmeng,ZHOU Ying,LI Huqun
    Objective To establish an analytical method for assessing acetylcysteine in human plasma and study the relative bioavailability and bioequivalence of acetylcysteine granules in Chinese healthy volunteers. Methods In the randomized crossover study, 24 healthy male volunteers received a single oral dose of 0.6 g test acetylcysteine granules, reference acetylcysteine granules or no medication.The plasma concentration of acetylcysteine was determined by LC-MS/MS.Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and bioequivalence of two preparations were evaluated by DAS3.0 software. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the test and reference preparations were as follows: AUC0→t was (8 547.64±2 860.04) and (8 783.07±4 042.10) μg·h·L-1, respectively; AUC0→∞ was (9 481.64±3 444.76) and (9 540.51±4 239.30) μg·h·L-1, respectively; Cmax was (1 994.39±726.42) and (2 090.27±885.46) μg·L-1, respectively; tmax was (1.18±0.60) and (1.13±0.53) h, respectively; t1/2 was (8.60±3.76) and (7.75±5.01) h, respectively.The relative bioavailability F0→t and F0→∞ was (107.00±43.30)% and (106.50±40.10)%, respectively. Conclusion The results of statistical analysis indicate that the test and reference formulations are bioequivalent.
  • ZOU Chenglin, CHEN Weijun, SUN Xiaoshun, FANG Jing, TU Jun, ZHAO Yazhou
    Objective To investigate protective effects of thrombopoietin (TPO) on cerebral model control in rats and associated signal transduction pathway. Methods Thread embolism was performed to generate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model.Eighty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model control group, TPO group, TPO and Janus kinase inhibitor (AG490) group.Before 30 min of ischemia-reperfusion, TPO group was given TPO (5 μg·kg-1) by intraperitoneal injection, TPO + AG490 group was given TPO (5 μg·kg-1) before 30 min of ischemia reperfusion, then given AG490 (8 μg·kg-1), and model control group were given the same dose of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.The observation time points were 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after ischemia reperfusion.Immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting were used to measure the protein levels of Bcl-2, JAK2 and signal transducer & activator of transcription (STAT3).TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect apoptosis. Results Compared with model control group, the number of apoptotic cells were significantly reduced [(67.50±9.37) vs.(40.20±7.47)], the expression levels of Bcl-2, JAK2 and STAT3 protein were significantly increased [(35.40±7.39) vs.(78.70±9.75); (35.68±6.75) vs.(62.35±7.53); (25.40±9.45) vs.(55.36±9.69), respectively] 24 h after ischeia reperfusion in the TPO group (all P<0.05).Compared with the TPO group, the Bcl-2, JAK2 and STAT3 protein levels were significantly decreased in TPO and AG490 group [(78.70±9.75) vs.(55.40±9.35); (62.35±7.53) vs.(40.68±5.89); (55.36±9.69) vs.(30.40±9.39), respetively], and the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased [(40.20±7.47) vs.(55.23±7.65)] (all P<0.05). Conclusion TPO can inhibit cell apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion injury, the mechanism might be related to the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signal transduction pathway through raising the expression of Bcl-2 gene.
  • ZHOU Ziqiong, GUO Hongxia, LI Zhiquan, WANG Chenhong
    Objective To observe the clinical effects of different fluid therapies in treating severe preeclampsia complicated by ascites. Methods Between Jan.2010 and Dec.2012, patients with severe preeclampsia complicated by ascites in Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital were included in this study.The treatment group (n=55) were given intravenous drip of 6% hydroxyl starch 130/0.4 plus furosemide, and the control group (n=52) received intravenous drip of 5% human serum albumin plus furosemide.The mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxyhemoglobin saturation, colloid osmotic pressure, hematocrit and the incidence of acute pulmonary edema were observed and compared between the two groups. Results Twenty-four hours after cesarean section, the mean arterial pressure of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group, whereas heart rate and oxyhemoglobin saturation were significantly higher (all P<0.05).The incidence of acute pulmonary edema of the control group was 17.3%, while no patient in the treatment group developed acute pulmonary edema.On the 5th day after surgery, the hematocrit and 24 h proteinuria were significantly lower in the treatment group, while colloid osmotic pressure was higher (all P<0.05).There was no difference in serum albumin level between the two groups (P>0.05).The average duration of edema after treatment was significantly shorter in the treatment group [(2.43±0.37) d versus (3.74±0.59) d, P<0.01]. Conclusion 6% hydroxyl starch 130/4.0 plus furosemide can effectively elevate the colloid osmotic pressure, resolve edema, improve hypovolemia, sustain oxygen supply to the organs and decrease the complication of pulmonary edema in patients with severe preeclampsia complicated by ascites.
  • YANG Jing, XIAO Xiao, WEI Jie, KOU Peng, YANG Lihua
    Objective To investigate effect of paclitaxel on expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the surface of cervical cancer TC-1 cells and its mechanism. Methods ①The cells were divided into two groups: paclitaxel group, paclitaxel combined with PKD blocker (G 6976) group.There were 4 concentration gradient and 5 holes for each group, and each hole has its corresponding concentration of drugs.Influence of paclitaxel on TC-1 cell viability and effect of PKD blocker G 6976 on IC50 value of paclitaxel were evaluated by MTT method.②The cells were divided into 0.9% sodium chloride solution (NS) group and paclitaxel group, There were 5 holes of each group.Effect of paclitaxel on PD-L1 expression on the surface of TC-1 cells were measured by immunohistochemistry.③The cells were divided into 4 groups: NS+DMSO group, G 6976 group, paclitaxel group and paclitaxel+G 6976 group.There were 5 holes for each group.Effect of paclitaxel and G 6976 on PD-L1 expression on the surface of TC-1 cells were measured by immunohistochemistry.The expressions of PD-L1 on the surface of cells were measured by immunofluorescence treated with different drugs. Results The IC50 value of paclitaxel was 40.0 μg·mL-1 in paclitaxel group, and 38.9 μg·mL-1 in paclitaxel combined with PKD blocker G 6976 group, without significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).The expression of PD-L1 in the surface of TC-1 cells were significantly higher in paclitaxel group than in negative control group [(88.48±13.44)% vs.(39.59±5.99)%, P<0.05].The expression of PD-L1 in the surface of TC-1 cells was (79.7%±4.7)% after treatment with paclitaxel combined with PKD blocker G 6976 for 24 h, and it was significantly lower than that in paclitaxel group [(96.8±2.5)%, P<0.05]. Conclusion Paclitaxel promotes the expression of PD-L1 in the surface of TC-1 cells, which could be significantly inhibited by blocking PKD pathway.Paclitaxel may exert its effect through PKD pathway.
  • ZHANG Guangqiu,LIU Wen,TAN Lu, ZHANG Wei, WANG Shuping
    Objective To study the antibacterial effect of Shenju lotion in vitro. Methods The diameter of inhibition zone was determined by paper-disc agar-diffusion method.Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by culture medium dilution methodand agar medium plate method, respectively.Antibacterial effect was compared between Shenju lotion and city sale of the gynecological lotion. Results Inhibitory effects of Shenju lotion on 5 pathogenic strains were significantly better than that of city sale of the gynecological lotion at the same concentrations (P<0.05).MIC of Shenju lotion on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was 33.75, 67.50, 67.50, 67.50 and 33.75 mg ·mL-1, respectively.MBC of Shenju lotion on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was 33.75, 67.50, 67.50, 135.00 and 33.75 mg ·mL-1, respectively. Conclusion Shenju lotion has obvious bacteriostasis and sterilization effect.
  • ZHU Mengjun, XIAO Hui, WANG Xiong, WU Jinhu
    Objective To observe the effects of malt extract on prolactin expression and morphology of mammary tissue in hyperprolactinemia rats. Methods Metoclopramide hydrochloride was injected subcutaneously to establish hyperprolactinemia model.Sixty rats were divided into normal control group, model control group, bromocriptine group, high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose malt extract groups.Except normal control group, hyperprolactinemia model was established in the other groups.Bromocriptine (0.389 mg·kg-1·d-1) was given to bromocriptine group.Malt extract (7.98, 15.96 and 31.92 g·kg-1·d-1) was administered in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose malt extract groups.Equal volume of purified water was given to normal control group and model control group.After 30 days of administration, PRL positive cell number of rat hypophysis was counted.RT-PCR was used to measure hypophysis PRL mRNA expression, and morphology of mammary tissues was observed by immunohistochemical method. Results PRL positive cell number was (2.4±0.3), (21.7±0.8), (3.8±0.5), (4.5±0.4), (6.7±0.5) and (15.8±1.2) in normal control group, model control group, bromocriptine group, high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose malt extract groups.PRL mRNA expression level was (0.31±0.02), (1.58±0.06), (0.45±0.04), (0.49±0.03), (0.61±0.04), and (0.95±0.09), respectively.As compared with normal control group, hypophysis PRL positive cell number and PRL mRNA expression level of high-dose and middle-dose malt extract group were increased significantly (P<0.01), and hyperplasia of mammary glands appeared.As compared with model control group, hypophysis PRL positive cell number and PRL mRNA expression level of high-dose and middle-dose malt extract group was decreased significantly (P<0.01), and hyperplasia of mammary glands was alleviated obviously. Conclusion Malt extract can effectively treat hyperprolactinemia and inhibit hyperplasia of mammary glands through significantly decreasing the expression of hypophysis prolactin in hyperprolactinemia rats.
  • ZHU Yu, HUANG Xiaoping, XIE Han
    Objective To observe the clinical effects and the safety of S-adenosy-L-methionine (SAMe) associated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in treating intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Methods Eighty patients with ICP were randomly divided into treatment group (treated with UDCA orally, 250 mg, TID and simultaneously with intravenous SAMe 1.0 g, qd) and control group (treated with intravenous SAMe 1.0 g, qd).Pruritus degree, serum total bilirubin (TB), total bile acid (TBA), glycocholic acid (CG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were analyzed before and after the treatment, and the pregnancy outcomes, such as the rate of premature, uterine-incision delivery and fetal distress were recorded. Results After treatment, the pruritus degree and the levels of TB, TBA, CG, ALT AST were decreased significantly compared with pretreatment in both groups.TB, TBA, AST and ALT of the treatment group decreased from (27.83±9.34), (45.62±18.30) μmol·L-1, (195.98±30.22), (188.69±29.11) U·L-1 to (11.81±4.91), (11.88±2.23) μmol·L-1, (73.59±21.53), (67.94±30.53) U·L-1, respectively, and TB, TBA, AST, ALT of the control group decreased from (27.49±7.87), (49.12±10.39) μmol·L-1, (211.93±34.9), (210.40±43.39) U·L-1 to (16.08±6.23), (23.88±6.63) μmol·L-1, (87.20±32.52), (81.77±35.16) U·L-1, respectively (P<0.05).Compared with control group, improvements of liver function, the rates of premature delivery, fetal distress and uterine-incision delivery were not significantly different in the treatment group (P>0.05), but the declines of TB, TBA and CG in treatment group were superior to those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In terms of improving pruritus, liver function and pregnancy outcome, single SAMe application could obtain similar effects compared with SAMe combined with UDCA, but SAMe combined with UDCA is more effective than the single SAMe application in decreasing the level of TBA and CG.
  • WANG Chaoyang, CHEN Hui
    Objective To observe the influence of Zhibitai capsule combined with atorvastatin calcium tablet on blood lipid and inflammatory factors in elder patients with dyslipidemia. Methods Sixty-four elder patients with dyslipidemia were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, with 32 cases in each group.Patients of the control group were treated with atorvastatin calcium tablet (10 mg, qd, bedtime administration), while patients in the treatment group were given Zhibitai capsule (240 mg, bid) for 6 weeks.Serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured before and after treatment. Results After treatment, compared with the control group, TC [(5.18±0.57) mmol·L-1 vs.(5.73±0.65)mmol·L-1], TG [(1.52±0.43) mmol·L-1 vs.(1.86±0.48) mmol·L-1], LDL-C [(3.36±0.48) mmol·L-1 vs.(3.85±0.53)mmol·L-1], TNF-α[(5.37±2.21) ng·L-1 vs.(7.63±2.59) ng·L-1] and IL-6 [(12.27±2.75) ng·L-1 vs.(15.63±2.92) ng·L-1] were significantly decreased (P<0.01 for all); however, HDL-C [(1.26±0.25) mmol·L-1 vs.(1.13±0.23) mmol·L-1] was significantly increased in the patients of treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion Zhibitai capsule combined with atorvastatin calcium tablet may not only regulate blood lipid level, but also decrease serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 so as to inhibit inflammation reaction in elder patients with dyslipidemia.
  • ZHANG Aibing,ZHANG Jun, CHENG Yuefa, ZHANG Chunyu,GUO Lan, LIU Yingshuo
    Objective To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of seven active components in Fufang Danshen tablets and Fufang Danshen dripping pills. Methods These seven compounds were analyzed simultaneously with a Zorbax C18 column by gradient elution using acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution as mobile phase, the flow rate was 1 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 203, 270 and 281 nm, respectively. Results All the seven components showed good linear relation between peak area and concentration of the test, and the average recoveries were between 95.1%-100.4%.Tanshinone ⅡA was not detected in samples of dropping pills. Conclusion The HPLC method to determine the components including tanshinone ⅡA, salvianolic acid B, propanoid acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 of the two different Danshen preparations has been established, and it has the advantages of simplicity, high precision, good repeatability, and can be used for the quality control of two kinds of Fufang Danshen preparations.The content of tanshinone Ⅱ A in Fufang Danshen tablet was distinctly higher than that of dropping pills.
  • LIU Weizhi, HU Hankun, LIU Ping, LIU Wei,ZHANG Mi, ZHENG Baogen, LIU Anni,YAN Qiang, ZHOU Lijuan,LIU Yiming
    Objective To establish a gas chromatograph method for determing Chloroform, ethyl acetate and N, N- dimethyl formamide in butoconazole nitrate. Methods The samples was detected by Headspace Gas Chromatography.Temperature programming method was adpoted and FID was used as detector.The injector temperature was 200 ℃,and the detector temperature was reach 250 ℃.Nitrogen was used as carrier gas in the experiment. Results In the mentioned chromatographic conditions, Chloroform, ethyl acetate and N, N-dimethyl formamide had good linear relationships in the ranges of 0.066-0.588,0.062-0.556 and 0.896-8.061 μg·mL-1 respectively.The average recoveries were 99.18%,102.84% and 98.71%.RSD were 3.87%,4.33% and 3.71%. Conclusion The detection method is sensitive, accurate, reliable, and can be used as a quality control for butoconazole nitrate.
  • and Principal Component Analysis
    XIE Zhihui, YIN Zhihui, SHENG Zhenhua
    Objective To study the contents and distribution characteristics of trace elements in Chrysanthemum morifolium from different areas. Methods The contents of 13 trace elements in six samples of Chrysanthemum morifolium were determined by ICP-OES.The principal component analysis combined with SPSS 19.0 software was applied to evaluate charac-teristics of elements Results Curves of trace element content of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different origins had a certain similarity.The contents of Fe, Zn and Mn were higher than others.The results of principal component analysis showed that five principal components were extracted from six samples of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and Cd, Cu, Zn, Ba and Co was the characteristic trace elements. Conclusion The contents and distribution of trace elements can reflect the characteristics of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different areas, which could be used for Chrysanthemum morifolium quality assessment and classification.
  • TIAN Lei,SUN Ziyong,CHEN Zhongju,LI Li,ZHANG Bei,ZHU Xuhui,JIAN Cui,YAN Shaozhen
    Objective To investigate distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respitatory tract infection. Methods Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respitatory tract infection of patients in ICU and non-ICU of our hospital during 2013 were retrospectivly analyzed.The pathogens were identified by manual methods routinely and those difficult to be identified were analyzed by using the VITEK-2-COMPACT instrument.Antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates were tested by Kirby-Bauey methods routinely. Results In total, 956 strains were isolated from lower respitatory tract infection of patients in ICU, including 231 strains of gram-positive cocci (24.2%), 680 strains of gram-negative bacteria (71.1%), 45 strains of fungi (4.7%).In patients of non-ICU, 4 464 strains were isolated, including 1 090 strains of gram-positive cocci (24.4%), 3 226 strains of gram-negative bacteria (72.3%), and 148 strains of fungi (3.3%).Staphylococcus aureus, acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequent isolates in patients of ICU and non-ICU.The overall prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in staphylococcus aureus was 87.0% in ICU and 74.0% in non-ICU.MSSA was sensitive to the most antibiotics (more than 80.0% of the strains were sensitive to common antibiotics) except penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin.MRSA was sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fosfomycin (more than 75.0% of the strains were sensitive to the antibiotics) except for vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid.Acinetobacter baumannii was more resistant to the antibiotics (less than 40.0% of the strains were susceptible to the antibiotics).Pseudomonas aeruginosa from ICU was more resistant to the antibiotics (less than 50.0% of the strains were sensitive to the antibiotics) than that from non-ICU.Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin and minocycline (more than 80.0% of the strains were sensitive to the antibiotics).Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive to Piperacillin-tazobactam and Amikacin except for meropenem and imipenem (more than 80.0% of the strains were sensitive to the antibiotics). Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria was the most frequent isolate in lower respitatory tract infection of our hospital during 2013.Staphylococcus aureus, acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequent isolates in ICU and non-ICU.Resistance to the antibiotics was more common in ICU than in non-ICU.Antibiotics should be prescribed according to bacterial resistance results reasonably in order to prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains.