中国科技论文统计源期刊 中文核心期刊
美国《化学文摘》《国际药学文摘》
《乌利希期刊指南》
WHO《西太平洋地区医学索引》来源期刊
日本科学技术振兴机构数据库（JST）
第七届湖北十大名刊提名奖
美国《化学文摘》《国际药学文摘》
《乌利希期刊指南》
WHO《西太平洋地区医学索引》来源期刊
日本科学技术振兴机构数据库（JST）
第七届湖北十大名刊提名奖
In December 2022,ESCMID/EUCIC jointly issued the Clinical Practice Guidelines for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients colonized with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB).The guideline was based on systematically evaluating of published studies on perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients colonized with MDR-GNB.The guideline elaborated on the necessity and timing of screening for MDR-GNB colonization,perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis selection,and the timing of dosing,and it provided evidence-based recommendations based on existing studies.This paper interpreted the guidelines based on the latest research progress at home and abroad,aiming to reduce the occurrence of surgical site infections in patients colonized with MDR-GNB and benefit patients.
Objective This study was to investigate the ameliorative effects of mangiferin on prostatic fibrosis in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the mechanism of action of regulating microRNA (miRNA)-483-3p. Methods The male mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group,BPH model control group,finasteride group,mangiferin group,and mangiferin + miRNA-483-3p antagonist group.The mice model of BPH was induced by castration and subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate.After 30 days,the prostatic collagen deposition was observed by masson and sirius red stain,and the level of hydroxyproline was detected.Prostatic mRNA levels of transforming grouth factor-β1 (TGF-β1),mitogen-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2),and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6),as well as the level of miRNA-483-3p,were detected by quantitative real-time PCR.Prostatic protein levels of TGF-β1,MK2,phosphorylated MK2 (p-MK2),MKK6,and p-MKK6 were detected by western blotting. Finally,the binding effect of miRNA-483-3p on MK2 was evaluated by luciferase assay. Results Compared to normal control group,the prostatic collagen deposition,mRNA levels of TGF-β1,MK2,and MKK6,as well as protein levels of TGF-β1,p-MK2,and p-MKK6 were significantly increased (P<0.01),while the miRNA-483-3p level was significantly decreased in BPH model control group (P<0.01). Compared with BPH model control group,the mangiferin group was able to up-regulate the level of miRNA-483-3p,reduce the mRNA levels of TGF-β1,MK2,and MKK6,as well as the protein levels of TGF-β1,p-MK2,and p-MKK6,and alleviate prostatic collagen deposition.When compared to the mangiferin group,mangiferin + miRNA-483-3p antagomir significantly decreased the miRNA-483-3p level,increased the prostatic collagen deposition,mRNA levels of TGF-β1,MK2,and MKK6,as well as protein levels of TGF-β1,p-MK2,and p-MKK6 (P<0.01). Luciferase assay showed that miRNA-483-3p could target binding with MK2. Conclusion Mangiferin can attenuate prostatic fibrosis by regulating miRNA-483-3p and inhibiting MK2.
Objective To investigate the effect of phlorofucofuroeckol A (PFFE-A) on the proliferation and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cells and its regulation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (Smad2/3) signaling pathway. Methods The cells were processed as follows: the cells were intervened with low,medium and high doses of 50,100,and 150 μmol· L-1 of PFFE-A,respectively and cells in the normal control group were also established.5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining was used to detect the cell proliferation.The transwell chamber was used to detect the invasion ability.A xenograft colon cancer nude mice model was used to detect the growth and metastasis ability of the cells in vivo.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes.Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 in cells. Results Compared with normal control group,the proliferation rate,the number of invaded cells,the tumor mass,the proportion of tumor metastasis,the expression of N-cadherin mRNA,the expression of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 were significantly decreased (P<0.05),and the mRNA expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased (P<0.05).All were presented with a significant dose-dependent (P<0.05). Conclusion PFFE-A could inhibit the EMT process of tumor cells,inhibit the proliferation and invasion of HT29 cells in vitro,and down-regulate the growth and metastasis of HT29 cells in vivo,which may be achieved by down-regulating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
Objective To explore the effect and potential mechanisms of melatonin combined with gemcitabine on the chemosensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 was treated with gemcitabine alone or in combination with melatonin.Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8.Effect of melatonin and gemcitabine alone or in combination on the clonogenic capacity of PANC-1 cells were observed through colony formation experiments.Scratch assays and transwell experiments were conducted to evaluate cell migration ability.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane point JC-1 assay kit were used to determine reactive oxygen species synthesis and membrane potential levels.Intracellular Fe2+ level was measured using ferrous ion fluorescent probe.The protein expression levels of LC3,P62,GPX4 and SLC7A11 in different treatment groups were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Results CCK-8 results showed that the viability of PANC-1 cells was inhibited by gemcitabine alone after 48 h and 72 h of treatment in a time-and dose-dependent manner.The cell viability of gemcitabine combined with melatonin group was significantly lower than that of gemcitabine group,and the cell viability decreased with the increase of melatonin concentration.Scratch assays,transwell experiments,and plate colony formation assay results demonstrated that the proliferation and migration of cells in the gemcitabine combined with the melatonin group were significantly inhibited compared with the gemcitabine group.The levels of reactive oxygen species and Fe2+ in PANC-1 in gemcitabine combined with the melatonin group were higher than those in the gemcitabine group,and the mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased (P<0.01).Western blotting and immunofluorescence results showed that the ratio of autophagy-related protein LC3-II/LC3-I in gemcitabine combined with the melatonin group was lower than that in the gemcitabine group, and the expression of P62 was up-regulated,and the expression of anti-iron death-related protein GPX4 and SLC7A11 was significantly inhibited (P<0.05 ),suggesting that melatonin combined with gemcitabine can inhibit autophagy and promote ferroptosis in PANC-1 cells. Conclusion Melatonin enhances the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1 to gemcitabine by inhibiting autophagy and promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.
Objective To explore the antioxidant capacity of the volatile oil components of the Mongolian medicine Zhenbaowan and the mechanism of action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by using bioinformatics technology,GC-MS technology,and antioxidant activity experiment. Methods The volatile oil in Zhenbaowan was extracted using water vapor distillation and the volatile oil components were qualitatively analyzed by GC-MS.Based on the results of GC-MS analysis,bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the main components,key targets,and pathways of the volatile oil of Zhenbaowan in preventing and treating RA.Meanwhile,the antioxidant activity of the volatile oil was determined and analyzed using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Results A total of 115 volatile oil components were identified in Zhenbaowan,of which the top 48 components accounted for 97.66% of the total volatile oil content.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Zhenbaowan can regulate signal transduction,inflammation,and protein phosphorylation through 147 RA-related targets,and intervene in signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt,MAPK,and RAS.Molecular docking results showed that the seven main components of Zhenbaowan volatile oil can spontaneously bind to the five core targets.Antioxidant activity tests have proved that the volatile oil of Zhenbaowan has a more significant antioxidant capacity. Conclusion Using GC-MS high-throughput analysis technology combined with bioinformatic analysis and antioxidant activity test,the pharmacodynamic substances and mechanism of action of the volatile oil components of Zhenbaowan,a Mongolian medicine,in the treatment of RA are hypothesized.It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the volatile oil components of Zhenbaowan.
Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of Jinyinqingre oral liquid on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups according to the random number table method: blank control group,model control group,Jinyinqingre oral liquid low-dose group,Jinyinqingre oral liquid medium-dose group,Jinyinqingre oral liquid high-dose group,and dexamethasone group.Except for the blank control group,the other groups were injected with lipopolysac charide (LPS) (5 mg·kg-1) into the trachea to establish the acute lung injury model of mice,and the Jinyinqingre oral liquid low,medium,and high groups were continuously administered the drug by gavage for three days.After 24 h,lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected from the six groups for follow-up detection.The pathological injury of lung tissue in each group was observed by HE staining.The total number of cells in BALF was detected.The total protein content of BALF was detected by the BCA method.The contents of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and IgM in BALF were detected by ELISA.The expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 proteins in lung tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Compared with model control group,Jinyinqingre oral liquid alleviated the pathological injury of lung tissue (P<0.05),decreased the total cell count,total protein content and IgM expression in BALF (P<0.01),and the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β in BALF was dreased (P<0.05),the protein expressions of NF-κB and NLRP3 in lung tissues was dreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Jinyinqingre oral liquid attenuated the pathological injury,inflammatory exudation,and expression of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced lung injury in mice,and its mechanism may be through the regulation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway,providing a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
Objective To explore the effect of Shuanglu Tongnao Formula on neuronal ferroptosis in ischemic stroke rats and its regulatory mechanism on the silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) signaling pathways. Methods Twenty rats were selected as sham operation group by the random number table method,and the remaining seventy rats were made ischemic stroke rat models by the middle cerebral artery occlusion method.The rats that had been successfully modeled were randomly divided into the model control group,Shuanglu Tongnao formula group,Shuanglu Tongnao formula + SIRT1 inhibitor group (Shuanglu Tongnao formula + EX527 group),with 20 rats in each group.After 14 days,the rats were scored for neurological injury;TTC staining was applied to detect the area of cerebral infarction in rats;HE staining was applied to detect pathological changes in rat brain tissue;Nissl staining was applied to detect the number of neurons in rat brain tissue;the kit was applied to detect the levels of ferri ion (Fe2+),superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione (GSH),and malonaldehyde (MDA) in rat brain tissue;immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the positive expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4),transferrin receptor (TFR),and ferritin heavy polypeptide 1 (FTH1) proteins in rat brain tissue;Western blotting method was applied to detect the expression of SIRT1,Nrf2,GPx4,and cystine/glutamate antiporter solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) proteins in rat brain tissue. Results Compared with the sham operation group,the neurological deficit score,cerebral infarction area,the contents of Fe2+ and MDA,and the protein expressions of ACSL4 and TFR in model control group were increased (P<0.05);the number of neurons,the contents of SOD and GSH,the protein expression of FTH1,SIRT1,Nrf2,GPx4,and SLC7A11 were all reduced (P<0.05).Compared with the model control group,the neurological deficit score,cerebral infarction area,the contents of Fe2+ and MDA,and the protein expression of ACSL4 and TFR in the Shuanglu Tongnao formula group were reduced (P<0.05),and the number of neurons,the contents of SOD and GSH,the protein expressions of FTH1,SIRT1,Nrf2,GPx4,and SLC7A11 are all increased (P<0.05).The results of the SIRT1 inhibitor supplementation experiment showed that the SIRT1 inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of Shuanglu Tongnao formula on neuronal ferroptosis,while also inhibited the expression of Nrf2 and GPx4 (P<0.05). Conclusion The Shuanglu Tongnao formula may inhibit neuronal ferroptosis in ischemic stroke rats by activating the SIRT1/Nrf2/GPx4 signaling pathway.
Objective To study the effect and mechanism of Anchusa italica Retz on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats based on the target network of active compounds in Anchusa italica Retz. Methods The rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by the thread occlusion method.After performing ischemia for 1.5 h and then reperfusion for 24 h,the neurological function of rats was scored and the volume of cerebral infarction was measured by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining method.The molecular network analysis technique of network pharmacology,protein-protein interaction network,gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis,KEGG signal pathway analysis,and molecular docking was used to study the mechanism of Anchusa italica Retz in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Results The administration of Anchusa italica Retz could significantly improve the neurobehavioral dysfunction caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and reduce the pathological injury of brain tissue.Anchusa italica Retz could regulate inflammation,apoptosis,protein phosphorylation,and other biological processes through 143 ischemic stroke-related targets,and interfere with the TNF signal pathway,VEGF signal pathway,HIF-1 signal pathway,and other pathways. Conclusion Network pharmacology and experimental verification had shown that Anchusa italica Retz could effectively reduce brain injury and protect neurological function through multi-target,multi-mechanism,and holistic treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a kind of chronic high-altitude sickness disease,which is also the initiation link of high-altitude sickness such as pneumocardial disease and high-altitude pulmonary edema.Its main features are persistent vasoconstriction and irreversible remodeling of blood vessels.HPH has greatly impacted the health of people in the plateau section.As a typical representative of ethnic medicine,Zang medicine embodies the wisdom of the Zang people in their long-term struggle against diseases.Adapting to local conditions for a long time,Zang medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of HPH.By reviewing the pathogenesis of HPH and the research of single Zang medicine and the complex prescription of Zang medicine in the treatment of HPH,this article aims to provide a theoretical basis for the physiological and pathological research of HPH and to provide a reference for the clinical application of Zang medicine.
Objective To explore and verify the protective and therapeutic effects and possible mechanisms of Zukamu granules on hypoxia alone and hypoxia+Su5416-induced hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in mice. Methods Multiple databases and related literature were used to collect the active ingredients data in Zukamu granules and the HPH-related targets were predicted and obtained.The network construction and enrichment analysis were performed.The HPH mouse models were established by two-week hypoxia and four-week hypoxia+Su5416 induction,and the relevant indicators and the main pharmacodynamic indexes such as right ventricular pressure were tested.Masson staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues,and Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of bax,bcl-2,PI3K,p-PI3K,eNOS,and HIF-1α in lung tissues. Results A total of 167 active ingredients of Zukamu granules were screened,with 179 intersecting targets with HPH,including targets like PIK3CA and HIF-1.The validation experimental results showed that Zukamu granules could significantly reduce right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy in HPH mice,and down-regulate the expression of bcl-2 and HIF-1α and up-regulate the expression of bax,PI3K,p-PI3K and eNOS in mice lung tissues. Conclusion Zukamu granules may act against HPH by modulating bax/bcl and PI3K-eNOS/HIF-1α signaling pathways.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the common pathological basis of ischemic cardiovascular diseases,and its formation mechanism is complex.Western medical treatment has problems such as a long cycle and a high relapse rate.Ethnic medicine is an important part of traditional medicine,which has unique efficacy in treating cardiovascular diseases.Studies have shown that the Mongolian medicine Eldon-Uriel regulates blood lipids and improves blood rheology in the treatment of AS.This paper aims to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AS by collecting,organizing,and summarizing the relevant literature on Eldon-Uriel and introducing its unique concept,mechanism of action,and clinical studies in the treatment of AS.
Objective To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of 10 components in the active parts of Uygur medicine Dracocephalum Moldavica L. Methods The determination was performed on a Shim-pack ODS (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 um) column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (A) -0.5% formic acid (B) in aqueous solution in a gradient elution mode (0-30 min,17% A;30-60 min,17%→28% A;60-78 min,28% A) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.The temperature of the chromatographic column was 35 ℃ and the detection was monitored by a UV detector at 330 nm. Results Coffeic acid,p-coumalic acid,cynaroside,luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide,apigenin 7-O-glucuronide,rosmarinic acid,diosmetin7-O-β-D-glucuronide,salvianolic acid A,tilianin,apigenin were well separated under this chromatographic condition,and the linear relationship were good in the concentration range examined (r>0.999 2).The overall recoveries ranged from 91.83% to 106.43% with the RSD ranging from 0.38% to 2.22%. Conclusion The established content determination method is highly accurate and reproducible,and suitable for the analysis and quality control of the active parts of Dracocephalum Moldavica L.
Objective To investigate the efficacy of sakubatril valsartan combined with tolvaptan in the treatment of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and the effects on echocardiography and cardiovascular events. Methods According to the random number table method,400 patients with HFrEF admitted to the First People's Hospital from September 2017 to January 2022 were divided into the control group and the combination group with 200 cases each. Both groups were given conventional treatment,based on which the control group was given sacubitril valsartan and the combination group was given sacubitril valsartan combined with tolvaptan. The efficacy,echocardiographic indexes[left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter (LVESD)],myocardial injury indexes[serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-CTnT),growth transforming factor-15 (GDF-15)],urine output,neuroendocrine factors[antidiuretic hormone (ADH),angiotensin (PRA),angiotensin II (Ang II)],cardiovascular events and adverse effects were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate was 94.50% (189/200) higher in the combined group than 86.00% (172/200) in the control group (P<0.05);LVEF was higher in the combined group than in the control group after treatment,and LVEDD and LVESD were lower than in the control group (P<0.05);BNP,hs-CTnT,GDF-15,ADH PRA,and Ang II were lower in the combined group than in the control group,and urine volume was higher than in the control group (P<0.05);at 6-month follow-up after treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in the rehospitalization rate of heart failure,the incidence of non-fatal infarction,post-discharge cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in the combined group compared with those of the control group (P>0.05);there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse events in the combined group compared with that of the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion Sacubitril valsartan combined with tolvaptan is effective in treating HFrEF,by reducing myocardial injury,promoting urination,and improving patients' cardiac function without increasing the risk of cardiovascular events and adverse reactions.
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in China has recently been increasing year by year,and spontaneous skin ulcers in diabetic patients,as one of the most serious complications,often develop on the patient's extremities represented by foot ulcers.Due to the complexity and variety of its pathogenesis,it leads to poor clinical outcomes and difficulty in healing.Thus,patients often face the risk of amputation and death.Therefore,the exploration of mechanisms of the vascular pathogenesis of diabetic delayed-healing wounds and targeted screening of therapeutic agents has become a current research hotspot.Herein,in this paper,we briefly review the role of impaired angiogenesis and vascular dysfunction in diabetic skin ulcers,and the research progress of classical hypoglycemic and natural compounds against vascular lesions is preliminarily summarized to provide a theoretical basis for effective clinical treatment.
With the continuous development of medical science and the widespread use of antibiotics,the problem of bacterial resistance is increasing,especially the increasing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection,and the high mortality rate,which brings great challenges to clinical treatment.In this paper,the mechanism of drug resistance,existing antibacterial drugs,and exploratory treatment options for CRE are reviewed,and the research progress in treating CRE infection is discussed to provide more reliable evidence and a theoretical basis for clinical practice.
The application of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (PA-MSHA) in the field of antitumors has been increasing.PA-MSHA has been found to promote tumor cell apoptosis,inhibit tumor cell invasion and migration,differentiation,and change drug resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) by inhibiting the EGFR pathway.Meanwhile,PA-MSHA also enhances the immune killing and inhibition of macrophages and T cells to tumor cells through toll-like receptors (TLRs).In this paper,we reviewed the reported anti-tumor mechanism and clinical application of PA-MSHA,suggesting that PA-MSHA may alter the glycosylation of EGFR and TLR proteins by acting on the regulatory process of the cellular mannosylation process.PA-MSHA can act on cell membrane proteins,including more receptors with high-mannosylation of signaling pathways.Elucidating the deep relationship between PA-MSHA and mannosylation is of great significance for the mechanism research and clinical application of PA-MSHA.
Tirzepatide,a new glucagon-like peptide-1/glucose dependent insulin stimulating polypeptide (GLP-1/GIP) double receptor agonist,has been clinically shown to have a strong hypoglycemic effect and a very significant effect on reducing body mass.It can improve insulin sensitivity,and has superior cardiovascular protection and the effect of improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH),with few side effects and good compliance.As a dual gut hormone agonist,tirzepatide shows strong potential to improve metabolic levels.This article reviews the mechanism of action and clinical studies of the GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonist tirzepatide.
Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of alkaloids (epiberberine,coptisine,palmatine,berberine) and catalpol in different ratios (1:1,1:10) of ancient and modern Qianjin Huanglian Pills,and to compare the differences in their contents.The content differences were compared to preliminarily evaluate the differences in the efficacy of Qianjin Huanglian Pills in the treatment of diabetes under different preparation processes and different ratios. Methods The alkaloid solvent was methanol: hydrochloric acid (100:1).The detection conditions were as follows: C18 column,acetonitrile-0.05 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (50:50),detection wavelength 345 nm,column temperature 30 ℃,flow rate 1 mL·min-1,injection volume 10 μL.The catalpol solution was methanol: water (20:80).The detection conditions were as follows: chromatographic column C18 column,methanol-0.1 % phosphoric acid solution (1:99),detection wavelength 210 nm,column temperature 30 ℃,flow rate 1 mL·min-1,injection volume 10 μL. Results The established method was specific,and the separation effect of the five components was good.It exhibited a good linear relationship (R2>0.999) in their respective linear ranges.The repeatability,precision,stability,and sample recovery rate all met the requirements.The content of four alkaloids in the ancient method 1:1 was the highest,and the content of catalpol was the lowest.The content of four alkaloids in the ancient method 1:10 was the lowest;the content of 1:1 in the present method was higher than that in the ancient method 1:10,and the content of berberine in the present method 1:10 was slightly lower than that in the present method 1:1,and the rest were higher than that in the present method 1:1.The PCA results showed that the chemical composition contents of the four kinds of Qianjin Huanglian pills were very different. Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,and reproducible,making it suitable for the quality control of Qianjin Huanglian Pills.It provides a theoretical basis for exploring the difference in efficacy of Qianjin Huanglian Pills.
Objective To analyze the influence of different processing methods,including frying,ginger frying,and salt frying,on the volatile components of A.fructus. Methods The volatile components in different processed products of A.fructus were detected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based on multivariate statistical analysis.After OPLS-DA analysis,the different components were screened under the conditions of VIP>1.5 and P<0.05 and were qualitatively searched using the NIST 11 spectral library. Results A total of 49 different components were identified,with 14 components only changing in the seed mass and 22 components changing in the peel.The content of camphor could be significantly reduced in the seed mass after A.fructus was processed and the content of bornyl acetate significantly increased in the peel of frying A.fructus.Salt frying had a great influence on the alkanes in A.fructus,and ginger processing did not only increase the volatile components in ginger,which reflected the complexity of the processing mechanism. Conclusion At present,the specific processing mechanism is not clear,but the experimental results provide theoretical data for the "detoxification and efficiency enhancement" effect of A.fructus processing,reflecting the scientific nature of the processing,enriching the processing theory of A.fructus,and providing a reference for further in-depth research on the activity of different processed products of A.fructus.
Objective To analyze the current situation and characteristics of risk factors in antithrombotic therapy (including antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatments) at home and abroad,and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis or bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy. Methods The literature on risk factors of antithrombotic therapy published in Chinese databases (China Journal Full-text Data,Wanfang Database,VIP Database) and English databases (PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE) from January 2011 to November 2021 was searched and bibliometric analysis was performed. The visualization analysis was performed using VOS viewer software. Results A total of 595 publications were included in the analysis. The top three countries for English publications were the USA,China,and Japan. The type of studies were predominantly cohort studies,with sample sizes mostly being below 1 000. Risk factors for antithrombotic therapy are categorized into those affecting antiplatelet drugs,warfarin,and new oral anticoagulants. Age,gender,renal function,and combination of antithrombotic drugs are common risk factors,and different risk factors of antithrombotic drugs also have their characteristics. Conclusion While there is substantial research on risk factors in antithrombotic therapy globally,the sample size needs to be improved. Pharmacists should provide individualized medication services based on different drugs and different groups to ensure medication safety for patients.
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of thyroid dysfunction induced by camrelizumab in the treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and explore the influencing factors. Methods The medical records of cHL patients treated with camrelizumab from January 1st,2017 to December 31st,2020,were collected. The clinical characteristics of thyroid dysfunction induced by camrelizumab were analyzed,and the influencing factors of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were discussed. Results A total of 47 patients were included,12 patients (25.53%) experiencing thyroid dysfunction after receiving camrelizumab. Among them,3 patients had hypothyroidism,7 had subclinical hypothyroidism,and 2 had subclinical hyperthyroidism. The severity of ADRs was between grade 1 and 2 (mild to moderate). None of the patients with thyroid dysfunction discontinued camrelizumab. Thyroid dysfunction occurred between 1 and 22 months after camrelizumab treatment,with a median time of 6 months. 2 patients with hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine,the thyroid function returned to normal in 1 patient and was improved in the other. 1 patient with subclinical hypothyroidism was treated with levothyroxine with the thyroid function continued to be abnormal. The rest of the 9 patients with thyroid dysfunction received no intervention,and 4 of them returned to normal,and others remained with no obvious change or loss in follow-up. Thyroid dysfunction was associated with baseline thyroid stimulating hormone level (P=0.03). The level of thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies was increased in 2 patients among 3 patients with moderate thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion The incidence of thyroid dysfunction induced by camrelizumab in cHL was high. Camrelizumab-induced thyroid dysfunction was related to TSH baseline level (P=0.03). The severity was between grade 1 and 2,which was related to the level of TgAb and TPOAb. The subtype of thyroid dysfunction was mainly subclinical hypothyroidism with a long period. Patients could continue camrelizumab treatment,and the thyroid function of patients with grade 2 hypothyroidism was improved after the treatment with levothyroxine.
Objective To analyze the treatment of renal atrophy combined with multi-site carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection,and to provide a reference for clinical rational drug use for such diseases. Methods Based on practical experience and referring to the latest literature,clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of a case of renal atrophy complicated with multi-site CRKP infection. Recommendations were made,including adjusting the usage and dosage of meropenem,combining with polymyxin E,and timely de-escalation treatment. Results After the physician adopted the suggestion and adjusted the treatment plan,the patient's symptoms and infection indicators returned to normal,and the infection was effectively controlled. Conclusion Polymyxin E sodium methanesulfonate combined with high-dose meropenem had good clinical efficacy in the treatment of urinary tract and bloodstream infections caused by CRKP.
Objective To analyze the global research status,hotspots,and frontiers of proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies,and to provide a reference for related scientific research and the rational drug use in clinical practice in China. Methods The research literature related to PCSK9 monoclonal antibody included in the Web of Science database was searched for the period from January 2011 to February 2022,and the literature included in the study was visually analyzed by the CiteSpace software. Results A total of 723 articles were included,and the annual number of publications showed an overall upward trend.The top three countries were the United States,France,and the United Kingdom.Sanofi was the organization with the largest number of articles,and the organization with the highest citation of articles was Brigham and Women's Hospital.The hotspots of research mainly included the use of PCSK9 monoclonal antibody in the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia,patients who do not tolerate statins,patients with high cardiovascular risk,and the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 monoclonal antibody in lipid-lowering therapy combined statins;The frontiers of research in recent two years is the application of PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies in patients with acute coronary syndrome and the clinical benefits after reducing the level of lipoprotein (a). Conclusion A large number of studies have confirmed the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies in reducing blood lipids,but there is still a lack of research on its economics and application in special populations,which should be the focus of future research.
Objective To explore the mechanism and management of acute kidney injury induced by the interaction between voriconazole and nifedipine. Methods A patient with acute kidney injury was treated with nifedipine controlled-release tablets and voriconazole tablets at the same time.Pharmacists analyzed drug interactions and drug characteristics during diagnosis and treatment and proposed treatment recommendations,discontinued suspected drugs (cefotaxime and voriconazole),and determined subsequent treatment based on the analysis results. Results The doctor accepted the advice and the patient gradually recovered from acute kidney injury. Conclusion Drug-drug interactions,especially those based on the interaction of liver drug enzyme CYP450,should be paid attention to in clinical diagnosis and treatment,to improve efficacy and reduce adverse reactions.
Objective To conduct signal mining of adverse events (AEs) of allopurinol and febuxostat based on FAERS database,and to explore their potential drug risks and promote rational and safe clinical drug use. Methods The adverse event report data of febuxostat and allopurinol in 22 quarters from the first quarter of 2017 to the second quarter of 2022 were extracted from FAERS database,and the signal mining of febuxostat and allopurinol adverse events(AE) was carried out using ROR method and PRR method. Results There were 5 060 AE reports for allopurinol,concentrated in patients aged ≥60 years,involving 25 items of system organ classification (SOC),mainly in skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (40.01%). It was found that 12 SOC categories were not mentioned in the instructions. For febuxostat,there were 905 AE reports,involving 17 SOC items,mainly in cardiac organ diseases (40.17%),and 2 items were not involved in the instructions. Allopurinol and febuxostat were associated with infection and infectious diseases (5.51%,0.49%) and hepatobiliary diseases (5.35%,0.87%),However,these associations were included in the instructions of allopurinol. Allopurinol was associated with the reproductive system and breast diseases (0.55%),pregnancy,puerperium and perinatal conditions (0.03%),but febuxostat was not found to be involved in the above SOC. Conclusion The inclusion of adverse reactions in the instructions for allopurinol is relatively inadequate compared to buprostat,and the newly discovered involvement of systemic organs and AE can provide a reference for improving allopurinol instructions. This study found that allopurinol and febuxostat allopurinol and febuxostat involved system differences,which can provide reference for clinical individualized treatment.
Objective By analyzing the anti-tumor innovative drug policies text in China,this study aimed to explore the focus and shortcomings of policies related to anti-tumor innovative drugs,and provide the reference for future policy formulation and optimization in the field of anti-tumor innovative drug. Methods By accessing the official websites of relevant ministries and subordinate institutions such as the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,the State Council of the People's Republic of China,the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,and National Medical Products Administration,and using the keywords "cancer","tumor","anti-tumor drug",and "innovative drug",etc,the national level policies related to the anti-tumor innovative drugs from January 1,2005,to December 31,2022,were collected. Based on a two-dimensional analysis framework of policy tools and stakeholders,the collected policy texts were classified,encoded,and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 30 policy texts were involved,and a total of 90 policy codes were generated. There were 24,43,and 23 codes for demand-based policy tools,environmental policy tools,and supply-based policy tools,accounting for 26.67%,47.78%,and 25.56%,respectively. Based on policy tools and stakeholders,a total of 183 codes were generated,with government departments,pharmaceutical enterprises,medical institutions,and patients having 70,36,54,and 23 codes respectively,accounting for 38.25%,19.67%,29.51%,and 12.57%. Conclusions China had the highest proportion of environmental policy tools in the application of innovative anti-tumor drug policies,while supply-oriented and demand-oriented policy tools were underutilized,resulting in an overall imbalance in application;The distribution pattern of stakeholders was not coordinated,with government departments and medical institutions having higher attention than pharmaceutical enterprises and patients.. It was necessary to reasonably promote the collaborative application of anti-tumor innovative drug policy tools,scientifically plan the layout of anti-tumor innovative drug policy sub-tools,and balance the interests of all stakeholders to ensure the efficient implementation of the policies.
Objective To develop an accurate deep learning prediction model of YOLO-V5 capable of accurately identifying medication packaging boxes in outpatient and emergency pharmacies,aiming to assist pharmacists in achieving “zero dispensing error”. Methods A total of 2 560 images of packaging boxes from 136 different drugs were collected and labeled to form the deep learning dataset.The dataset was split into training and validation sets at a ratio of 4:1. YOLO-V5 deep-learning algorithm was employed for training the data using images from our dataset(train epochs: 500,batch size: 4,learning rate: 0.01).The values of the precision(Pr) and mean average precision(mAP) were used as measures for model performance evaluation. Results The Pr of the four sub-models of YOLO-V5 in the training set all reached 1.00.The mAP_0.5 of YOLO-V5x was 0.95,which was higher than those of YOLO-V5s(0.94),YOLO-V5l(0.94),and YOLO-V5m(0.94).The mAP_0.5:0.95 of YOLO-V5l and YOLO-V5x were 0.85 which were higher than those of YOLO-V5s(0.84)and YOLO-V5m(0.84).Training time and model size were 82.56 hours and 166.00MB for YOLO-V5x which were the highest among the four models.The speed of detection in one image was 11ms for YOLO-V5s which was the fastest among the four models. Conclusion YOLO-V5 can accurately identify the packaging of drugs in outpatient and emergency pharmacies.Implementing an artificial-intelligence-assisted drug dispensation system is feasible for pharmacists to achieve “zero dispensing error”.
