Herald of Medicine

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药物研究

The Nephroprotective Effects of Baoshenkang Granules on AdenineInduced Chronic Renal Failure in Rats

ZENG Ying;ZHANG Yu;ZHAO Ying;LIANG Hua-min;GUAN Xiu-wen

2010, 29(10): 1255-1257. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.001

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Objective To evaluate the nephroprotective effects of baoshenkang granules on chronic renal failure (CRF) in rats. Methods Except for the normal control, the rats with CRF induced by adenine were randomly divided into five groups: model, low-, mediate-, high-dosage and positive control group with niaoduqing granules. The biochemical indicators and renal pathology were investigated to find out differences among them. Results Compared with the model group, BUN and Scr were significantly decreased, while RBC was increased in both highdosage and positive control groups; Hb was elevated only in the highdosage group. K+ concentration was lowered in all treated CRF rats. The renal pathological injuries were palliated in CRF rats treated with both baoshenkang and niaoduqing granules. Conclusion Baoshenkang is effective on preventing occurrence of CRF. Furthermore, baoshenkang granules display a similar effect to niaoduqing on Scr reduction and Hb rising.

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药物研究

Effect of Sulodexide on Podocyte Damage in Aging Rats with Diabetic Nephropathy

CHEN Cheng;LIANG Wei;DING Guo-hua;YI Jia-zhi

2010, 29(10): 1258-1261. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.002

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Objective To explore the effect of sulodexide on podocyte injury in an aging rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Methods 20 months diabetic SD rats induced by STZ were treated with or without sulodexide (3 mg•kg^-1•d^-1) for up to 8 weeks. 24 hour urine and blood pressure were measured at the end of week 4 and 8. Animals were sacrificed at week 8. Serum creatinine was measured, kidneys were taken out for histopathological exam. Expression of desmin in glomeruli was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results The aging diabetic rats had significant podocyte injury, albuminuria and increased blood pressure than the control(P<0.05). Sulodexide protected aging diabetic rats from podocyte injury. The expression of desmin was significantly increased and positively correlated to albuminuria(P<0.05). Sulodexide obviously attenuated desmin expression of aging diabetic rats and reduced excretion of albuminuria. Conclusion Sulodexide effectively modulates albuminuria and prevents podocyte injury in aging diabetic rats with nephropathy.

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药物研究

In Vitro Study of Enhancing Immune Function by Galectin-7, a Member of Galectins

GAO Ying;ZHANG Wei-na;HE Wen-tao;WANG Li;ZHOU Hong-min;LIN Xing-guang;CHEN Zhong-hua

2010, 29(10): 1261-1265. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.003

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Objective To investigate the effect of galectin-7 on proliferation of T lymphocyte subpopulations and clinic application.Methods The purified T lymphocytes were cultured with recombined galectin-7 at different concentrations with or without antiCD3 and antiCD28 antibody for 5 days.The proliferation of T lymphocytes and subpopulations was detected by using FACS analysis.Results galectin-7 significantly induced the proliferation of T lymphocytes and enhanced T lymphocyte proliferation, when it was cocultured with antiCD3 and antiCD28 antibody. CD⁺₈ T lymphocytes were the major proliferated T lymphocytes.Conclusion galectin-7 could elicit and promote T lymphocytes proliferation and exert immunological enhancomem in vitro .galectin-7 may become a new target for new drugs development for clinic immunotherapy of carcinoma by studying the mechanisms deeply.

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药物研究

Protective Effect of Artemsia Rupestris L. Extract on CCl4-induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

MENG Fan-long;LI Zhi-jian;SILAPU&#;Aibai;FAN Xiao-hong;ZHOU Lu

2010, 29(10): 1266-1268. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.004

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Objective To investigate the protective effect of Artemsia Rupestris L. (AR) extract on CCl₄induced acute liver injury in mice. Methods The rats were given with different levels of CCl₄ by intraperitoneal injection. The serum contents of ALT and AST were detected. After intragastric administration of AR extract for 5 days, the rats were injected with optimum dose of CCl₄ to induce acute liver injury. The serum levels of ALT and AST were detected. Pathological changes were examed by HE. Results The sampel of 0.11% CCl₄ solution is the optimal sample. AR extract could significantly decrease the activities of ALT, AST . AR extract could also protect the liver from pathological injury. Conclusion AR extract protects liver from acute hepatic toxicity induced by CCl₄.

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药物研究

Effect of Qilian Soup-granula on Expressions of PPAR-r in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

YANG Li;DENG Hui-ling;DIAO Bo;WANG Xiao-kun;ZHU Yi-liang

2010, 29(10): 1268-1271. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.005

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Objective To explore the effect of qilian soupgranula on expressions of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-r (PPAR-r) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. Methods 55 rats were divided into 10 normal rats and 45 DN rats, which subdivided into model control, high dose and low dose of qilian soupgranula, at 10 and 5 g•kg^-1•d^-1for four months. Withdraw the whole blood and isolated monocytes(Mos), and measured the protein expression of PPARr in both monocytes and kidneys with westernblot. Results The level of PPARr/GAPDH(P/G) in monocytes and kidney of normal control group were (0.857 6±0.069 3) and (0.912 6±0.0.066 7),respectively; in model control were (0.621 9±0.095 0) and (0.706 2±0.097 0); in qilian soupgranula high dose group were (0.806 3±0.081 0) and(0.827 7±0.062 0), which were significant different from those in the model control(P<0.05). The level of P/G in low does of qilian soupgranula group was ( 0.7648±0.087 )in Mos, which showed significant difference compaired with the model control. Conclusion Qilian soupgranula could protect against DN in rats, the mechanism of which may be related to eliciting express of PPAR-r in nephridial tissue and Mos, and adjusting the systemic inflammatory state on DNrats.

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药物研究

Effect of Ulinastatin on the Apoptosis Factor Bcl-2 and Bax Expression after Spinal Cord

YU Jian-peng;TANG Fei

2010, 29(10): 1272-1275. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.006

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Objective To investigate effects of ulinastatin on apoptosis factors Bcl-2 and Bax expression after spinal cord injury. Methods 64 female SD rats of moderate SCI induced by Allen’s WD, were randomly divided into ulinastatin and injury control groups. The BBB score and Bcl-2 and Bax expressions in spinal cord were detected by immunohistochemistry on 3 days and 7 days after SCI . Results BBB scores in ulinastatin group on d 3 and d 7 after surgery were significantly higher than those in the injury controls; Bcl-2 positive cells in the ulinastatin group were significantly more than those in the injured group, P<0.05; while, Baxpositive cells were fewer than those in the injured controls, P<0.05. Conclusion Ulinastatin increases Bcl-2 protein expression, inhibits Bax expression.

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药物研究

Hygroscopicity of Solid Preparations for 4 Kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicines

LANG Yi-yong;WANG Qiang;MEI Li-na;LI Zong-lin;JIANG Tong-ying

2010, 29(10): 1275-1276. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.007

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Objective To investigate the hygroscopicity of solid preparations for some traditional Chinese medicines. Methods The contents of granules were kept under condition of constant temperature and varible humidity, which were weighted at different time. The data of moisture absorption were calculated. Results The curve of moisture absorption equilibrium time and constant temperature of moisture absorption were determined by using supersaturated solution method. The parameters such as initial rate of moisture absorption and equation were calculated. Conclusion The specific parameters can directly show the ability of moisture absorption for extracts from traditional Chinese medicines.

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精神科用药专栏

Eszopiclone in the Treatment of 92 Cases of Insomnia

WANG ling-jun;YANG Guang-sheng;WANG Chuan-sheng

2010, 29(10): 1277-1278. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.008

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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of eszopiclone on treating insomnia. Methods 183 patients were randomly divided into the eszopiclone group(n=92) and zopiclone group (n=91). The treatment group was orally given with eszopiclone 3 mg•d^-1, and the control group was given with zopiclone(7.5-15.0 mg•d^-1), respectively for 15 days. Efficacy was assessed with sleep dysfunction rating scale (SDRS) and clinical president the impression meter (CGI), while safety was judged with treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS)before treatment and 8th and 15th days after treating. Results The scores of SDRS of two groups decreased significantly (P<0.01). The efficacy of the treatment group and control group were 83.7% and 81.3%, respectively. The difference of efficacy and side effects between both groups had no statistic significance (P＞0.05). Conclusion Eszopiclone is a safe and effective hypnotic agent. Patients with insomnia have an improved sleep with few side effects by eszopicloneand is compliance to it.

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药物与临床

Docetaxel Weekly Treatment for 30 Cases of Elderly Patients with Advanced NSCLC

FANG Hong-ming;YU Xin-ming;WAN Yu;JIANG Yi-ling;CHAI Feng;WANG Xiao-yan;ZHANG Han

2010, 29(10): 1295-1297. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.014

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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction of docetaxel as a second line treatment for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods 30 elderly patients with advanced NSCLC were treated with docetaxol 35 mg•(m²)^-1, at the fifth and eighth day for every 21 days. Adverse effect was assessed every time cycle and efficacy was evaluated at least after two cycles. Results 30 patients totally received 92 cycles of chemotherapy with docetaxel. 0 case was complete remission, 7 cases (23.3% ) were partial remission,10 cases (33.3% ) were on stable status, and 56.6% was under control. Median time to progression was 14 weeks. Conclusion Weekly administration of Docetaxol as second line treatment for elders with advanced NSCLC has better clinical efficacy and less adverse effect, which prolongs the disease proceeding, and is proper for the treatment of elderly patients in poor conditions.

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药物与临床

Morphine Subcutaneously Injected for 60 Cases of Dyspnea Developed in Patients with Advanced Cancer

FENG Li-juan;CHEN Feng-ju;ZHANG Dong-lin

2010, 29(10): 1297-1299. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.015

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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of morphine subcutaneous injection for dyspnea appeared in patients with advanced cancer. Methods 0.5 mg morphine was subcutaneously injected for 60 patients with advanced cancer who had dyspneavenous indwelling needle was used for subcutaneous use so that morphine was taken per 46 hours if necessary. The visual analogue scale(VAS) and effects were adopted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of morphine for dyspnea in advanced cancer. Results VAS decreased from 54.9 mm to 31.8 mm, after the treatment, which was significantly reduced as (23.2±11.0) mm(P<0.05). While the Brog scale lowered from 5 pretreatment to 3 posttreatment, the average reduction was (2.0±1.1)with markable difference (P<0.05). After s.c. injection of morphine, no obvious change was showed as R, SaO2, HR and BP. Conclusion Morphine subcutaneous injection for dyspnea with advanced cancer is safe and effective.

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药物与临床

Effects of Symbicort Turbuhaler on IL-8 and TGF-β1 in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

LUO Hong

2010, 29(10): 1300-1301. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.016

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Objective To investigate the effects of symbicort turbuhaler treatment on of the levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)and interleukin8(IL-8) in patients with bronchia asthma. Methods ELISA method was used to analyze the serum concentrations of IL-8 and TGF-β1 levels in the 80 patients with acute asthma before and after symbicort turbuhaler treatment for 12 weeks. Results There was a dramatic increase in the IL-8 and TGF-β1 levels were significantly decreased in the asthma patients in the period of onset. The IL-8 in the patients receiving symbicort turbuhaler treatment obviously decreased and TGF-β1 levels increased in the meantime. Conclusion The serum levels of IL-8 was higher and TGF-β1 proved to be lower in the patients with asthma. Symbicort turbuhaler could decrease IL-8 levels and increased TGF-β1 levels in the serum of patients.

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药物与临床

Effect of Parenteral Nutritional Support Containing ω-3 Fish Oil Fat Emulsion on Total Gastrectomy Patients after Operation

TONG Yi-xin;CHEN Qing-gui;BIAN Yi;XU Feng;WANG Gui-hua;DENG Yu;HU Jun-bo

2010, 29(10): 1302-1305. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.017

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Objective To study the effect of parenteral nutritional support containingω-3 fish oil fat emulsion on total gastrectomy patients after operation in aspects such as nutrition, hepatic and renal function, incidence rate of complications, etc. Methods 88 cases of gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into normal control group ( giving low calorie parenteral nutrition treatment) and treatment group (applying extraω-3 fish oil fat emulsion additionally).The total protein(TP), albumin(ALB), prealbumin (PA), retinolbinding protein (RBP), transferrin (TF), serum total cholesterol (TC) in patients on day 1 before operation and day 6 after operation were analyzed to estimate their nutritional status.The total bilirubin (T-BiL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum creatinine (Cr) were analyzed to estimate the hepatic and renal function. The incidence rates of infectious complications as well as postoperative nutritional status were compared between the two groups. Results After six days’ postoperative nutrition treatment, nutrition status, hepatic and renal function between the two groups had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the incidence rate of infectious complications in treatment group decreased. Conclusion Comparing ordinary fat emulsion andω-3 fish oil fat emulsion as a parenteral nutrition support for total gastrectomy patients, their nutritional status, hepatic and renal function has no significant difference, while ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion reduced the incidence rate of infectious complications.

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药物制剂

Preparation and Release Rate of Rutin Sustained-release Tablets Containing Chitosan

CHEN Li;GE Wei-gong;PEI Shi-cheng;LI Hui-ping;WU Gang

2010, 29(10): 1331-1333. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.029

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Objective To explore the technics for preparing sustainedrelease tablets of rutin containing chitosan as vehicle. Methods Different concentrations of chitosan were chosen as vehicles for preparation of sustainedelease tablets. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used and a release rate was measured for them, in addition to the effect of different rotation speeds on the release rate. Results The release rate decreased along with the increase of concentrations of chitosan. It was showed that the rutin preparation had a good sustained release effect in 1.5% chitosan acetum. Compared with general tablets, t50 was (4.93±1.03) min,td was (7.68±0.77) min,the release parameters of sustainedrelease tablets were increased significantly (P<0.01), t50 was (327.68±0.92) min, td was (542.17±1.05) min. The effect made by different rotations was significant at the beginning of drug release. Conclusion Chitosan slows the release of rutin from chitosan contained preparation. Therefore, chitosan can be used as the sustained release excipient for rutin sustained-release tablets.

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药物制剂

Preparation of Oridonin-loaded mPEG-PLA Block Copolymer Micelles

KUANG Chang-chun;DU Wei;WANG Wei

2010, 29(10): 1334-1336. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.030

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Objective To prepare oridonin-loaded methxyl poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid)(mPEG-PLA) block copolymer micelles for improving water solubility and bioavailability of oridonin. Methods The series mPEG-PLA block copolymer micelles with different drug/copolymer ratio were prepared by acetone solvent evaporation and dialysis Methods . The optimal feed ratio was obtained on the basis of drug loaded. Results It was showed that micelles were sphericalunder transmission electron microscope(TEM).Drug contents and loading efficiency of micelles affected the preparation and drug/copolymer ratio. Smaller particle size and better dispersion uniformity for micelles were gained by dialysis method, while the drug contents and loading efficiency were lower. The average particle size was 35.675 nm, the drug loading ratio was 22.1%,and loading efficiency ratio was 65.61% under the ratio of drug to copolymer as 12.8：25.2. The Results reveal that the narrow particle distribution was benefit for the stability of dispersion system and improved water solubility. Conclusion The methxyl poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic acid)block copolymer micelles could serve as good nanoscopic carriers for hydrophobic drug.

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药物制剂

The Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compound of Bergenin

LIAO Chang-jun;WU Min;YOU Si-lu;FENG Qian-qian;QIU Wen-jing;LI Jing-yu

2010, 29(10): 1337-1339. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.031

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Objective To optimize the technology for preparing β cyclodextrin inclusion compound of bergenin by orthogonal test. Methods The β-cyclodextrin inclusion compound of bergenin was prepared by using saturated aqueous solution. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was applied to detect the content of bergenin, ultraviolet spectrum and infrared spectrum were applied to verify the inclusion complex. Results The optimum preparation process was at the feed ratio of bergenin and β- cyclodextrin 1：1, for 1 hour inclusion at 80 ℃,then obtaing the inclusion rate as 92.19％ by orthogonal test. Conclusion Saturated solution is of simple application in preparation of β- cyclodextrin inclusion compound of bergenin, and is suitable for improvement of bergenin oral preparation.

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药品质量控制

Determination of Diosgenin Content in Jingangteng Capsules

FENG Yun;HUANG Xian-zhang;YIN Ling;CHEN Shu-he;LIU Yan-wen

2010, 29(10): 1347-1348. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.035

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Objective To establish a method for determination of diosgenin in jingangteng capsules. Methods The content of diosgenin was detemined by HPLC. Kromasil 1005 C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrilewater (90：10) at flow rate 1.0 mL•min^-1 and column temperature 35 ℃. Results The linear range of diosgenin was 0.5183.108 μg (r = 0. 999 9); the average recovery was 99.86% and RSD=1. 59% (n =6).Conclusion The method was simple and highly accurate, which can be used for determination of diosgenin in jingangteng capsules.

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药品质量控制

Determination of Residual Solvents in Cefetamet Pivoxil Hydrochloride with Capillary Gas Chromatography

HONG Li-ya;SHEN Hong-yan;WANG Jian

2010, 29(10): 1349-1351. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.036

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Objective To establish a method for determination of residual solvents in cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride by capillary gas chromatography(CGC) with headspace and direct sample adding system. Methods The isopropanol,ethyl acetate and acetone in cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride were separated by HP-INNOWAX -PEG20M capillary column(30.0 m×320 μm,0.25 μm)through headspace injection. The column temperature was maintained at 50 ℃ for 5 min, then was raised to 200 ℃ at the rate of 30 ℃•min^-1 and maintained at 200 ℃ for 3 min. The sample was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. The dimethylformamide in cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride were separated by DB-624 capillary column(30.0 m×0.53 mm,3.0 μm)through direct injection. The column temperature was maintained at 100 ℃ for 6 min, then was raised to 200 ℃ at the rate of 30 ℃•min^-1 and maintained at 200 ℃ for 5 min. The sample was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Results The measured solvents were separated completely. The calibration curve of each solvent showed a good linear relationship with precision and accuracy. Conclusion The established method is accurate and reliable, which can be used for determination of residual solvents in cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride.

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药品质量控制

Determination of Salicylic Acid in Compound Salicylic Acid Powder With HPLC

LI Zi-ming;MIN Min;HE Guo-fang

2010, 29(10): 1352-1353. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.037

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Objective To establish a HPLC method for determination of salicylic acid in compound salicylic acid powder. Methods Hypersil C₁₈ column was used with mobile phase as a mixture of methanol-water (45：55, pH was adjusted to 3.0 with H₃PO₄), the detection wavelength was 303 nm.Results The linear range of salicylic acid was 5.08-50.80μg• mL^-1 (r=0.999 5).The average recovery for high, middle, and low concentration were 99.22%, 100.32%, and 99.99%; while the RSD were 0.19%, 1.01%, and 0.68%, respectively. Conclusion The established method is proven to be convenient, accurate, and reliable with adequate precision and durability, which can be used for determination of salicylic acid in compound salicylic acid powder.

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用药指南

Pharmaceutical Care for AP Chemotherapy Regimen in a Postoperative Inpatient with Osteosarcoma

ZHANG Cheng-liang;GUI Ling;LIU Dong

2010, 29(10): 1363-1365. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.042

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Objective To investigate the pharmaceutical care towards postoperative inpatients with osteosarcoma receiving the AP chemotherapy regimen. Methods Individual patient care was established by evaluating chemotherapy regimen, offering suggestion in pain management, monitoring drug adverse reaction and performing medication education to the patient. Results The pharmaceutical care by clinical pharmacist provided individual chemotherapy, and improved the safety and therapeutic outcomes of drug regimen. Conclusion A multidisciplinary cancer care could be developed, and consequently the patient’s quality of life will be improved by establishing pharmaceutical care for cancer patients.

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药物不良反应

Monitoring for Drug Concentration and Adverse Reaction in 156 Cases of Patients of Epilepsy

WANG Jin-qiu;WANG Min;FENG Yan-mei;CAI Yan;ZHANG Kang-huai

2010, 29(10): 1384-1386. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2010.10.051

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Objective To analyze the relationship of adverse reaction and serum concentration of anti-epileptic drugs and to investigate the safety use of them. Methods Drug monitoring was carried out on 156 cases of patients had adverse drug reactions, and the results were assessed. Results 53 cases showed abnormal liver function after treatment; 74 cases gained body weight; 12 cases showed memory and learning ability decrease; 5 cases in low spirits, debility and lethargy; 3 cases had a large area skin rash all over the body; 1 showed the whole body involuntary convulsion; 2 alopecie; 3 nose blood; 1 case gingiva hyperphasia and 2 toxication. Conclusion During treatment for epilepsia, drug concentration monitoring should be accompanied with drug adverse reaction management to ensure the safety of patients.

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