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    药物研究
  • 药物研究
    Effects of Baidianwan on the Immune Function of Mice
    LI Zhenlu;BAI Huiling;ZHAO Yueping;XU Zhixi;MA Yuanfang;LI Xiumin
    2002, 21(10): 619-620.
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    Objective:To survey the effects of baidianwan(Vitiligo Pellet) on the immune function of mice. Method:A mouse model of depressed immune function was set up with immunosuppressive agents. Antagonistic experiments with different dosages of baidianwan were carried out in vivo. Results:Baidianwan could increase the percentage of ANAE positive cells and the weight of thymus prominently in mice with depressed immune function. It also increased significantly the content of serum hemolysin in mice rendered immune depressed by dexamethasone. Conclusion:Baidianwan was found to improve immunity and modulate immune function.
  • 药物研究
    An Experimental Study of the Antiinflammatory Effect of Xiaoertuiretie (Antipyretic Strapping for Children)
    HUA Neng;LIU Changyu;WANG Qi;CHEN Ruquan;ZHOU Yuping;ZHU Qitao
    2002, 21(10): 621-622.
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    Objective:To appraise the antiinflammatory effect of xiaoertuiretie. Method:With reference to relevant literature, two mouse models were set up, namely, inflammatory edema of the auricular concha caused by dimethylbenzene and increased permeability of abdominal capillaries resulted from the action of acetic acid. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, subjecting to large, medium and small dosages of xiaoertuiretie strapping, 0.9% sodium chloride solution and prednisolone acetate (administered by stomach tubes) treatment, respectively. The animals were sacrificed after the treatment. The extent of inflammatory ear swelling and the absorbance of abdominal lavage fluid were determined so as to assess the antiinflammatory effect of xiaoertuiretie.Results:Xiaoertuiretie was shown to exert a dramatic inhibitory effect on the inflammation of mouse’s ear caused by dimethylbenzene and the increased permeability of capillaries in the abdominal cavity of the mouse caused by acetic acid. Conclusion:Xiaoertuiretie has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect.
  • 药物研究
    A Local Irritation Test for Azitromycin Injection in the Rabbit
    LU Zhicheng;FENG Weicheng;YIE Liming
    2002, 21(10): 622-623.
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    Objective:To study the local irritative response of azitromycin injection in the rabbit.Method:After injection of azitromycin into the marginal vein of the ear and quadriceps femoris of the rabbit, the injection sites were kept under careful observation for the appearance of local irritative response.Results:The local responses accorded with the requirements of the test. Conclusion:It is more safe to administer azitromycin injection intravenously.
    • 精神科用药专栏
  • 精神科用药专栏
    Effect of Pharmacotherapy on the Cognitive Functions in Patients with Firstepisode Schizophrenia
    YANG Fude;JI Zhongfu
    2002, 21(10): 624-628.
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    Objective:To approach the effect of pharmacotherapy on the cognitive functions in patients with firstepisode schizophrenia. Methods:78 patients with firstepisode schizophrenia were randomly divided into the chlorpromazine group (38 cases) and clozapine group (40 cases). Drugs were given according to the double blind method. The initial drug dosage in both groups was 25 mg. According to the provided program, the dosages of clozapine and chlorpromazine were increased to 400 mg•d1 and 600 mg•d1, respectively, beginning from the 28th day of medication. These dosages were maintained for 8 weeks. Patients were kept under observation for 12 weeks. Cognitive functions in patients of both groups were assessed with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)、WAISR、WMS and language fluency test before treatment and at the end of 12th week of medication.Results:Extensive cognitive function impairment were noticed in patients with firstepisode schizophrenia. At the termination of the treatment, the performance of WCST, language scores of WAISR, picture and comprehension scores of WMS, language fluency in patients of the clozapine group were significantly superior to those in patients of the chlorpromazine group. The performance of WCST was obviously correlated with SANS, tardive dyskinesia and GAF, but not with electroencephalogram, either normal or abnormal.Conclusion:Clozapine but not chlorpromazine was shown to have a remarkable effect to improve the cognitive functions in patients with firstepisode schizophrenia. No parallel relation was found between the improvement of cognitive functions and alleviation of psychotic symptoms.
  • 精神科用药专栏
    A Study of the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Risperidone in Combination with Antioxidants in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
    ZHANG Chuanzhi
    2002, 21(10): 629-630.
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    Objective:To probe into the therapeutic effectiveness of risperidone in combination with antioxidants in the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods:80 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into 2 groups with the double blind method. Patients of the treatment group(n＝40) were given risperidone in combination with antioxidants (vitamin C 200 mg/dose/case and vitamin E 100 mg/dose/case) while patients of the control group (n＝40) were treated with risperidone and placebo. Both antioxidants and placebo were administerd p.o., t.i.d.. The intial dose of risperidone for patients of both group was 1 mg•d1, taken after lunch. The dose was then gradually increased to 3～6 mg•d1. The highest dosages for patients of the treatment group and control group were (4.52±0.39) mg•d1 and (4.54±0.39) mg•d1, respectively. The difference was insignificant (P＞0.05). The situations of patients of the 2 groups were compared after 12 weeks of treatment. The therapeutic effectiveness was assessed with PANSS and the side effects were evaluated with TESS and ESRS. Results:The difference between the therapeutic effects of the 2 groups was insignificant(P＞0.05). However the congnitive factor, negative factor and decreasing rate of PANSS in patients of the treatment group were superior to those of the control group(P＜0.05). The side effects included extrapyramidal motor symptoms (Eps), hepatosis and insommia. Conclusion:Risperidone in combination with and antioxidants was found to be definitely effective in improving congnitjue function and relieving negative symptom in the treatment of schizophenia. The treatment could also decrease side effects of antipsychotics.
  • 精神科用药专栏
    Effect of Venlafaxine in the Treatment of 32 Cases of Depressive Neurosis
    LUO Juying;WANG Shuiying;YU Hong
    2002, 21(10): 631-632.
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    Objective:To survey the effectiveness and safeness of low dose domestic venlafaxine in the treatment of depressive neurosis. Methods:32 cases of depressive neurosis were treated with domestic venlafaxine with the use of an opentype OPD noncomparison methed. The dosage was 25～100 mg p.o. q.d.. The medication lasted 6 weeks as one course. The effectieness of the drug was evaluated with HAMD and adverse drug reactions were evaluated with TESS. Results:The total effective rate was 93.3% and the rate of excellent effectiveness was 83.3%. The drug was quick to start its effect and adverse reactions were mild. Conclusion:Low dose domestic venlafaxine was fairly effective and safe in the treatment of depressive neurosis and is therefore befitting for OPD application.
    • 药物与临床
  • 药物与临床
    A Comparative Study of the Anesthetic Effect of Propofol and Ketamine in Artificial Abortion
    YU Qijing;ZHOU Qingshan;XU Jingjing
    2002, 21(10): 645-655.
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    Objective:To compare the anesthetic effects of intravenous combined anesthesia induced by propofollidocaine and ketamini-valium during artificial abortion. Methods:100 ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ women undergoing artificial abortion were divided randomly into group PL(n＝50) and group KV (n＝50). A bolus dose of propofol 2 mg•kg1 and lidocaine 0.8 mg•kg1 was administered intravenously to each subject of the group PL, while ketamini 1 mg•kg1 and Valium 0.1 mg•kg1 were given IV to each of the group KV. Changes in the respiratory and circulatory systems in patients of both groups before and after the medication were kept under observation, and the time of operation, the situations of sedation, analgesia, recovery of consciouspess and adverse reactions were recorded.Results:All patients of the two grouos experienced complete sedation and analgesia. The heart rate and the degree of blood oxygen saturation dropped significantly in patients of the group PL after the medication (P＜0.05 or＜0.01), while the systolic blood pressure and heart rate increased dramatically in patients of the group KV after the medication (P＜0.05 or＜0.01). The time of recovery of consciousness in patients of the group KV was longer than that of the group PL and the incidence of adverse reactions during the period of awakening in patients of the group KV was also much higher than that of the group PL(P＜0.01). Conclusion:In comparison with ketaminevalium, propofollidocaine was found to induce a better combined intravenous anesthesia for artificial abortion. However, more attention should be paid to the speed of IV infusion, adequacy of oxygen supply and careful monitoring of the respiratary and circulatory systems during the perioperative period.
  • 药物与临床
    Effects of Flunarizine in the Treatment of 75 Cases of Vertigo as a Result of Vertebrobasilar Artery Insufficiency
    LEI Gesheng;LIN Hong;ZHANG Lihong;JING Xiaorong
    2002, 21(10): 647-648.
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    Objective:To survey the clinical effectiveness of flunarizine (commodity name: Sibelium) in the treatment of vertigo as a result of vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency (VBI) as well as the changes in laboratory indices during the medication. Methods:75 patients with vertigo caused by vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency served as the subjects of the study. of these, 40 had vertigo of severe degree, 30 of moderate degree and 5 of mild degree. The positive rates of blink reflex (BR), brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP), transcranial doppler(TCD) in all patients before treatment were 82.0%, 70.0% and 85.0%, respectively. Patients were given each 10 mg of flunarizine p.o. qn. The medication lasted 4 consecutive weeks. BR, BAEP and TCD were repeated after the termination of the treatment. Results:After the treatment, 3,2 and 3 patients still complained about vertigo of severe, moderate and mild degrees, respectively. However, 62 patients experienced a complete remission. The positive rates of BR, BAEP, TCD after the treatment were 6.0%, 4.0% and 8.0%, respectively. Conclusion:Flunarizine was found to have a notable therapeutic effect in the treatment of vertigo in VBI patients, and BR, BAEP and TCD may be used as laboratory indices for assessing the therapeutic effectiveness.
  • 药物与临床
    An Analysis of the Application of Antibiotics in 30 Patients with Lung Infection
    HUA Kailuo;ZHU Wencheng;ZHOU Yongbin
    2002, 21(10): 649-650.
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    Objective:To investigate the situation of the application of antibiotics in patients with lung infections so as to offer proposals for rational use of antibiotics. Methods:30 cases of lung infections whose pathogens had been identified were studied. The choice of antibiotics before identification of pathogens was compared with the results of drug sensitivity tests. Results:Before pathogen identification, only 1 of the 17 patients with mycotic infection was given garlicin, and after pathogen identification, only 3 were treated with itraconazde and the other 13 with garlicin. The remaining 1 patient died. In only 2 of the 9 patients with gram negative bacilli infection, the choice of drug before drug sensitivity test tallied with the test. In 4 patients, it tallied with the test questionably. In 3 patients, the choice was inappropriate. None of the 4 patients with MRSE infection was treated with vancomycin. Conclusion:①Attention should be paid to mycotic infections of the lung. ②The use of antifungal agents should conform to the standard. ③Empirical medication is ineffective for infections caused by opportunistic pathogens or fungi. ④For MRSE infection the drug of first choice should be vancomycin
  • 药物与临床
    Treatment of Infantile Asthmatoid Bronchitis with Aerosol Inhalation of Salbutamol and Ipratropium Bromide
    SHI Yueju;CHEN Baochuan;SU Meiyu;CHEN Pingping;ZHUO Zhiqiang
    2002, 21(10): 651-652.
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    Objective:To survey the clinical effect of aerosol inhalation of sulbutamol and ipratropium bromide in the treatment of infantile asthmatoid bronchitis with a nebulization device.Methods:74 cases of infantile aothmoid bronchitis were divided into the treatment group (35 cases) and control group (39 cases). Patients of the treatment group were given each an aerosol inhalation of 0.25 mL of 0.5% salbutamol and 0.5 mL of 0.025% ipratropium bromide in 2～3 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution with the use of a nebalization device including an air pump. Inhalation was given bid. Patients of the control group were not given aerosol inhalation. Other treatment in both groups was identical.Results:The total effective rate in patients of the treatment group was 94.3% while that in patients of the control group was 64.1%(P＜0.01). Conclusion:Treatment of infantile asthmatoid bronchitis with aerosol inhalation of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide was found to relieve symptoms shorten the course of the disease, and improve the prognosis.
  • 药物与临床
    Effect of Metoclopramide Combined with Diphenhydramine in the Control of Vomiting Caused by Chemotherapy
    PENG Minge;SUN Jianhai;QI Meiqin
    2002, 21(10): 652-653.
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    Objective:To survey the antemetic effect of metoclopramide combined with diphenhydramine in patients subjected to chemotherapy. Methods:80 cancer patients to be subjected to chemotherapy were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group (42 cases) and the control group (38 cases). Patients of the treatment group were given each 25 mg of diphenhydramine p.o. 30 min before chemotherapy, 20mg of metoclopramide IV 2h after the beginning of the chemotherapy, followed by 20 mg of the same drug IV q.4h. until the termination of the chemotherapy. Patients of the control group received each 8 mg of ondansetron in 20 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution IV 30 min before chemotherapy, followed by 8 mg of the same drug IV every other day until the termination of the chemotherapy. The therapeutic effectiveness of the two groups was compared. Results:The rate of complete control of vomiting in the treatment group was 86.4%, while that in the control group, 86.2%. The difference was insignificant (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The antemetic effect of metoclopramide combined with diphenhydramine was found to be comparable with that of ondansetron in cancer patients subjected to chemotherapy.
    • 用药指南
  • 用药指南
    Application of Costeffectiveness Analysis to the Evaluation of Two Chemotherapeutic Programs in the Treatment of NSCLC
    GAO Lidong;GUO Juan;LU Yunqing
    2002, 21(10): 672-673.
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    Objective:To assess the therapeutic effectiveness of two chemotherapeutic programs (PVM and PVMK) in the treatment of intermediate and advanced NSCLC and to make a costeffectiveness analysis of the two programs. Method:The pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis was adopted. Results:The effective rate of PVM was 22.58% while that of PVMK was 48.39%(P＜0.05). The expense of one course of PVM program was 20 412.96 yuan. The cost for the increase of every 1% of effective rate was 904.03 yuan. The expense of one course of PVMK program was 38 862.46 yuan. The cost for the increase of every 1% of effective rate was 803.11 yuan. Besides, the PVMK program was superior to the PVM program in improving the quality of life of the patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The PVMK program was found to be superior to the PVM program in the treatment of patients with intermediate and advanced NSCLC
  • 用药指南
    A Costeffectiveness Analysis of Amlodipine, Felodipine and Slowrelease Nifedipine in the Treatment of Hypertension
    DUAN Hui
    2002, 21(10): 674-675.
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    Objective:To compare the economic benefit of amlodipine, felodipine and slowrelease nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension. Methods:152 patients with hypertension selected according to the literature served as subjects of the study. Amlodipine (5 mg, p.o., qd), felodipine(5 mg, p.o., qd) and slowrelease nifedipine (30 mg, p.o., qd) were used in the treatment of 53, 50, 49 patients, respectively, for 2 consecutive weeks. Relevant situations were evaluated by a pharmacoeconomic costeffectiveness analysis. Results:The rates of excellent effectiveness of amlodipine, felodipine and slowrelease nifedipine were 47.17%, 36.00% and 30.61%, respectively, and amlodipine had the lowest costeffectiveness ratio. Conclusion:Amlodipine was found to be superior to felodipine and slowrelease nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension. It is a drug with a fairly good costeffect.
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