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    药物研究
  • 药物研究
    Comparative Studies of Antiinflammation and Analgesic Effects Between X.Sibiricum and X.Mongolicum
    FU Xiao-mei;SUN Yanchao;LIU Jing;WU Zhigui;PEI Jianguo;PENG Shuimei;TAN Daopeng
    2014, 33(5): 555-557. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.001
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of different extracts from X. mongolicum compared with that of X. sibiricum.MethodsSeventy male Kunming mices were randomly divided into seven groups: control group，aspirin group，the ethanol extracts of X. sibiricum group and X. mongolicum group，the extracts from X. mongolicum with ether，ethyl acetate，and nbutyl alcohol group（n=10 each）.The mice were administrated with 500 mg•kg－1（p.o.） of different extracts.The hotplate tests and the xyleneinduced ear edema in mice were performed to observe the analgesic and antiinflammatory activities，respectively.ResultsIn the hotplate tests，the pain threshold from the extracts of X. sibiricum and the different extracts from X. mongolicum at 60,120,180 min were prolonged，and there was no statistically significant differences（P＞0.05） between the ethanol extracts from X. sibiricum and X. mongolicum.The best analgesic activity was the ether and nbutyl alcohol extracts from X. mongolicum.Meanwile，the ear edema from the extracts of X. sibiricum and the different extracts of X. mongolicum were inhibited significantly（P＜0.05）.There was also no significant differences between the ethanol extracts of X. sibiricum and X. mongolicum（P＞0.05）.The ether and nbutyl alcohol extracts from of X. mongolicum showed the best antiinflammatory effect.ConclusionX. mongolicum exhibites significant antiinflammatory and analgesic activities comparable to that of X. sibiricum.The best antiinflammation and analgesic activities are from ether and nbutyl alcohol extracts from X. mongolicum.
  • 药物研究
    Effects of Clearing Liver and Purging the Heart Decoction Combined with Methimazole on Hormone Levels in Hyperthyroid Rats
    MA Guoping;YE Shaoling;WANG Qiong;ZHU Xuanxuan
    2014, 33(5): 561-564. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.003
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of clearing liver and purging the heart decoction（CLPHD） combined with methimazole on hormone levels in hyperthyroid rats.MethodsRats were administered with levothyroxine（600 μg•kg－1） for 3 weeks to establish the hyperthyroid model，and the serum contents of T3,FT3,T4,FT4，TSH and TRAb in hyperthyroid rats treated with CLPHD combined with methimazole were detected.ResultsMethimazole，CLPHD,and the combination therapy significantly reduced food intake，water intake and body temperature of the hyperthyroid rats.All treatments reduced levels of FT3，T4 and FT4 in hyperthyroid rats.Compared with the CLPHD monotherapy，the combination therapy significantly lowered serum T4 in hyperthyroid rats，but not the TRAb level.ConclusionCLPHD combined with methimazole can obviously improve the function of thyroid gland in hyperthyroid rats.
  • 药物研究
    ProApoptosis Effects of Danhong Injection on the SMMC7721 Hepatoma Cells
    ZHONG Lei;XU Liping;QIAN Xianzhong;JIN Huijing;CHEN Chao;WU Lijun
    2014, 33(5): 565-568. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.004
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of danhong injection on the apoptosis of SMMC7721 heptoma cells.MethodsThe hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC7721 was incubated with different concentrations（0,2,4,8 μL•mL－1） of danhong injection，and cell morphology was studied under the microscope.The apoptosis index was detected by flow cytometry at 0,6,12,24 h after cultured with 2 μL•mL－1danhong injection.Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay; Gene expressions of p53，Bax and Bcl2 were detected by RTPCR at different drug concentrations.ResultsThe morphology of the hepatoma cells changed obviously，and the apoptosis index increased by danhong injection in a dosedependant manner.The danhong injection decreased gene expressions of Bcl2，and obviously increased p53 and Bax.ConclusionDanhong injection can doseand timedependently promote apoptosis of SMMC7721 cells.
  • 药物研究
    Protective Effects of Ethanol Extracts of Calonyction Acculeatum Beans on Rats with Acute Lung Injury
    TANG Xiu-neng;WEI Hongmian;HUANG Renbin
    2014, 33(5): 569-572. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.005
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    ABSTRACTObjective To investigate the protective effects of ethanol extract of calonyction acculeatum beans（CABE） on rats with acute lung injury（ALI）.MethodsThe ALI model was induced via intravenous injection with 5 mg•kg－1lipopolysaccharide（LPS）.The expression of nuclear factorκB p65（NFκB p65） was determind by immunohistochemistry（IHC），and the content of interleukin1β（IL1β） in the lung tissue was detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）.Meanwhile，lung tissue histopathology，the wetdry weight ratio of lung and the activity of myeloperoxidase（MPO）in the lung tissues were observed.ResultsThe wetdry weight ratio of lung of the model group and CABE treatment group was 5.05±0.24, 4.35±0.21, respectively; the content of IL1β was (320.60±19.73), (294.42±13.95) pg•mL－1, respectively; the MPO activity was (1.31±0.18), (1.04±0.18) U•g－1, respectively. Compared with the model group，CABE lessened the lung injury，decreased IL1β level，reduced the lung drywet weight ratio and activity of MPO，and downregulated the expression of NFκB/p65（P＜0.05）.ConclusionCABE has remarkedly protective effect on ALI induced by LPS in rats.One of the mechanisms may be related to reducing the secretion of IL1β and interfering with the activity of NFκB.
  • 药物研究
    Effects of Xuanzhi Analgesic Tablet on Plasma Levels of 6KPGFlα and TXB2in Rats with Acute Blood Stasis
    ZOU Xin;WANG Kaifu;XU Lijun;GONG Di;HUANG Guangying
    2014, 33(5): 573-574. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.007
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of xuanzhi analgesic tablets on plasma levels of 6ketoprostaglandin Flα（6KPGFlα） and thromboxane B2（TXB2） in rats with acute blood stasis.MethodsSixty SD rats were divided into six groups randomly，namely normal control，model control，positive control， xuanzhi analgesic tablets at 1.36，2.72，and 5.44 g•kg－1groups.The rat model of blood stasis syndrome was caused by subcutaneous injection of adrenaline incorporated with icebathing.The effects of xuanzhi analgesic tablet on 6KPGFlα and TXB2were observed.ResultsCompared with the normal control，plasma level of 6KPGFlα was significantly reduced（P＜0.01） and that of TXB2in the model control was evidently increased（P＜0.01）.Three dosages of xuanzhi analgesic tablets significantly raised 6KPGFlα level（P＜0.05）and lowered TXB2level （P＜0.05）.ConclusionXuanzhi analgesic tablets significantly adjust plasma levels of 6KPGFlα and TXB2in rats with acute blood stasis.Xuanzhi analgesic tablets can coreect the imbalance between PGI2 and TXA2 through increasing 6KPGFlα and desearing TXB2 levels.
  • 药物研究
    Determination of 5 New Abused Drugs in Plasma by Intube Solidphase Microextraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
    WANG Yi;LIU Ziqiu
    2014, 33(5): 575-578. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.007
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    ABSTRACTObjective To establish a method for determination of new abused drugs in plasma by using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry（UPLCMS/MS） combined with intube solidphase microextraction.Methods2 mL of borax buffer was added to 1 mL of plasma with drugs.Then，the mixture was withdrawn into a syringe connected to a stainless steel needle welded with DB1701 capillary column.50 μL acetonitrile was used as elution solvent at the flow rate of 300 μL•min－1for 2 min.Subsequently，the drugs on elute were determined by using UPLCMS/MS in positive mode with multiple reaction monitoring（MRM） to determine drug concentration in human plasma samples.ResultsThe recoveries rates of the five abused drugs（codeine hydrochloride，tramadol，diphenoxylate hydrochloride，diazepam，and triazolam） in plasma were between 69.2%－81.7%with the RSDs less than 10%.LODs of the drugs were less than 25 ng•mL－1.Seven out of the 26 plasma samples were determined positive.ConclusionThe intube SPME method coupled to UPLCMS/MS is simple，rapid，and environmental friendly，which is suitable for the the rapid screening of the new abused drugs.
  • 药物研究
    Drug Resistance Mechanism of Patients Infected with Aminoglycosideresistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in Emergency Intensive Care Unit
    ZHAO Xue;YU Peitao;XU Zhijun;GU Qing;QIU Lifeng;WANG Yi
    2014, 33(5): 579-581. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.008
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate drug resistance mechanism of aminoglycosideresistant Acinetobacter baumannii by detecting 16S rRNA methylase gene and three common genes of aminoglycosidemodifying enzymes in Acinetobacter baumannii infected patients at EICU.MethodsThe 48 Acinetobacter baumannii strains were collected，and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by VITEK automicroscan.The MIC was detected by 2fold agar dilution method，and genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.ResultsAmong 48 strains，28 were highly resistant to aminoglycosides and 20 showed lower resistances.The 16S rRNA armA，APH（3’）I，ANT（3’’）Ia，AAC（6’）Ib genes were detected in 71.43%，60.71%，82.14%，and 53.57%of the 28 highly resistant strains，but only present in 0.00%，5.00%，5.00%，and 5.00%of the lowresistant isolates（P＜0.01）.ConclusionThe aminoglycosidemodifying enzymes and 16S rRNA methylase were frequently found in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates，which is closely related to the highlevel resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.
  • 药物研究
    Correlation of Ecadherin Expression and the Sensitivity to EGFRTKI Molecular Targeted Therapy
    XING Rongchun;ZHENG Jun;LIU Wei;YAO Rucheng
    2014, 33(5): 582-585. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.009
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    ABSTRACT Objective To explore the correlation of Ecadherin expression and the sensitivity to EGFRTKI molecular targeted therapy.MethodsEight kinds of cells，MCF7，MDAMB231，T24，SiHa，H460，SKHEP1，MHCC97H and THP1 were treated with EGFRTKI PD153035 and gefitinib，respectively，for 48 hours.The drugsensitivity was detected by MTT，and the IC50of cells were calculated.The Ecadherin protein were detected and compared.ResultsFollowed with PD153035 and gefitinib treatment，the survival rates of MCF7，MDAMB231，T24 and SiHa significantly reduced，and more Ecadherin protein expressed.However，the survival rates of the H460，SKHEP1，MHCC97H，and THP1 cells showed opposite results.ConclusionThe sensitivity of epithelial cancer cells to EGFRTKI is correlated with Ecadherin expression.Ecadherin may play a significant role on regulateing the sensitivity to EGFRTKI molecular targeted therapy.Ecadherin is a key biomarker for recruiting appropriate patients for EGFRTKI molecular targeted therapy.
  • 药物研究
    Effects of Enteral Nutrition on Inflammatory Factors and Cardiac Function in Elderly Malnourished Patients with Heart Failure
    ZHOU Dan;ZHOU Honglian;ZHENG Hongbo;WU Yali
    2014, 33(5): 586-589. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.010
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    ABSTRACT Objective To study the effects of enteral nutrition（EN） on inflammatory factors and cardiac function in elderly patients with heart failure（HF）.MethodsA total of 96 elderly patients with HF were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into treatment group A，treatment group B and control group（n= 32 in each group）.Patients in group A were provided with 500 mL of EN daily for 1 month，and those in group B were provided with the same dose of EN for 3 months. Control group was treated with normal diet.The nutrition status of each group was assessed by NRS2002.Meanwhile，all patients were evaluated by New York Heart Association（NYHA） class and left ventricle eject fraction（LVEF）.The levels of BNP，IL6，CRP and TNFα were also measured before and after nutrition treatment.ResultsIn group A and group B，BMI，TSF，AMC，TP，ALB and HGB increased.Symptoms of HF alleviated quickly and LVEF increased compared to the baseline.The levels of BNP,IL6，CRP and TNFα were significantly lower after treatment（P＜0.05） in both treatment groups，and the change in group B was more obvious（P＜0.01） than group A.However，in control group，there is neither evident improvement in cardiac function or nutrition status，nor in inflammatory factor levels.ConclusionAdding EN support to the normal treatment of heart failure in elderly malnourished patients with HF not only improves the function of heart and nutrition status，but also helps to support immune system so as to alleviate acute inflammatory response.The benefits from EN depend on the duration of therapy.
  • 药物研究
    Intervention by Vitamin E on Indomethacininduced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Mice
    WANG Caibing;JIN Ling;HUANG Junjie;HUANG Yanfeng;HUANG Yongyi
    2014, 33(5): 589-592.
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate interventions of vitamin E（VE） on indomethacininduced gastric mucosal injury.MethodsFifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups.Normal control group was administrated with saline，others were intragastrically administrated with indomethacin（20 mg•kg－1）.After 4 hours，mice were intragastrically treated with saline，cimetidine（200 mg•kg－1），VE（25，50 mg•kg－1） once a day for 5 consecutive days.By the end of the treatment，gastric mucosa injury index，serum superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity，and malondialdehyde（MDA） content were determined.ResultsGastric mucosal injury indexs of mice treated with cimetidine，VE at low and high doses were significantly lower than that of the model control and higher than that of the normal control（P＜0.01）.VE at high doses showed significantly less mucosal injury than that of the cimetidine group（P＜0.05）.Healingrate of gastric mucosal injury in cimetidine group，VE lowdose and highdose groups were significantly higher than that of model control group（P＜0.01）.SOD activity of VE at low and high doses was significantly lower than that of the model control and cimetidine groups（P＜0.05）.The results also revealed that cimetidine and two doses of VE significantly elevated SOD activity and lowered the level of MDA（P＜0.05, 0.01）.ConclusionVE can obviously promote the healing of gastric mucosal injury，especially at high dose，which is better than cimetidine，while，the low dose is comparable with cimetidine.
  • 药物研究
    Effects of Vitaimin D on Insulin Sensitivity and the Adipokine Factors, TNFα in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
    ZHANG Liming;GAO Ling;SHUAI Hongxia;RUN Yuanmin;DENG Chenxin;TIAN Yuan;MA Ji;XIAO Jing
    2014, 33(5): 593-597.
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the relationship and mechanism of the serum vitamin D levels with insulin sensitivity and adipokines APN,RBP4，visfatin and TNFα in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）.MethodsA total of 101 patients with gestational diabetes（GDM group） and 50 pregnant women with normal blood sugar（control group） were recruited to detect the serum levels of correlative biochemical indexes，APN，RBP4，visfatin，TNFα and 25OHD3using an HPLC method.Twentyfour patients in the GDM group diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency（＜25 nmol•L－1） were randomized to receive either 1,25（OH） 2D3（0.25 μg•d－1） orally or no treatment.Serum levels of correlative biochemical indexes were detected after 1 month.ResultsGDM patients had 25OHD3 levels significantly lower than the control group（P＜0.05），APN levels lower than the control group，and RBP4，visfatin，TNFα levels significantly higher than the control group（all P＜0.05）.After 1 month of 1,25（OH） 2D3 treatment，HOMAIR increased，while HOMAβ decreased.APN levels was positively correlated（r= 0.526） with 25OHD3; RBP4，visfatin，TNFα decreased and were negatively correlated with 25OHD3（r values were －0.272，－0.153，－0.072）.ConclusionVitamin D can reduce the adipokines RBP4，visfatin，TNFα，increase APN，and thus play a protective role for gestational diabetes.
  • 药物研究
    Effects of Perioperative Parenteral Nutrition Under Different Osmotic Pressure on the Incidence of Phlebitis
    LIU Jing;PENG Nanhai;YANG Ping;ZHANG Qin;BAO Fengxiang
    2014, 33(5): 597-599. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.013
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    ABSTRACT Objective To explore ways to decrease peripheral vascular complications during parenteral nutrition through peripheral veins.MethodsAccording to the support sequences of giving peripheral parenteral nutrition，ninty perioperative cases were randomly divided into low（20.3 kPa•h－1），medium（27.1 kPa•h－1） and high（33.9 kPa•h－1） osmotic pressure rates（n=30 in each group）.The infusion pump was used to control the rate of infusion.The total parenteral nutrient was infused through BD24G venous indwelling needles.The pain ratings at injection sites were evaluated after parenteral nutrition every day，the incidences of phlebitis were observed three days later after removing the indwelling needles.ResultsUnder the low osmotic pressure，the pain was mild，while for the medium osmotic pressure，the pain became more obvious.The pain was aggravated obviously under high osmotic pressure.There were only two cases of over gradeⅡ phlebitis under low osmotic pressure rate，9 cases under medium osmotic pressure rate and 14 cases under high osmotic pressure rate，in which a gradeⅢ phlebitis developed.ConclusionDecreasing the osmotic pressure rate through peripheral venous is an effective method to avoid or reduce the incidences of peripheral vascular complications with the peripheral parenteral nutrition support.
    • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    Determination of Contents 3amideindole Derivative and Related Substances
    SHEN Dongni;YANG Jianyun;XIAO Bingkun;HUANG Rongqing
    2014, 33(5): 650-652. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.031
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    ABSTRACT Objective To establish a RPHPLC method for the determination of 3amideindole derivative and its related substances.MethodsDiamonsil C18（250 mm× 4.6 mm,5 μm） column was adopted.The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanolacetonitrilewater（43：12：45） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL•min－1.The wavelength for ultraviolet detection was 224 nm.The injection volume was 20 μL and the column temperature was room temperature.Results3amideindole derivative and related substances could be well separated.The linearity of the 3amideindole derivative curve was well correlated（r=0.999 7） within the range of 0.04－0.16 mg•mL－1.The RSD was 0.52%with good repeatability.The detection limit was 2.65 ng.ConclusionThe method is accurate，reliable，sensitive and specific，which can be used for the determination of 3amideindolederivative and related substances.
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    Dissolution Test of CaSO4•2H2O in Gypsum Fibrosum
    YANG Liu;LIU Dapeng;FAN Yanbo;ZHANG Yisheng;ZHANG Feng
    2014, 33(5): 658-660. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.033
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    ABSTRACT Objective To establish a method for the determination of the dissolution rate of CaSO4•2H2O in Gypsum Fibrosum.MethodsThe dissolution rate was determined by EDTA2Na titration method，with a paddle，800 mL of purified water as dissolution medium，at rotation speed of 75 r•min－1，and temperature of（37.0±0.5 ） ℃，at 5，10，20，30，60，90，120 min for the sampling.ResultsThere was a linear regression relationship between dissolution time and dissolution of CaSO4•2H2O，when the particle size of Gypsum Fibrosum were 2.000, 0.150 mm.There was a logarithmic regression relationship between dissolution time and dissolution of CaSO4•2H2O，when the particle size of Gypsum Fibrosum was 0.075 mm.ConclusionThe method is simple and accurate，which can be used for determination of the dissolution rate of CaSO4•2H2O in Gypsum Fibrosum.
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    Content Determination of Moisture in Huodan Pills by Nearinfrared Spectroscopy
    JI Shengguo;CAI Jialiang;ZHOU Wenting;YANG Qiuying
    2014, 33(5): 660-663. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.034
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    ABSTRACT Objective To determine the moisture in Huodan pills by nearinfrared spectroscopy.MethodsAt the beginning，water content of 174 samples were determined and all data of samples about nearinfrared spectrum were collected.And then all the data were pretreated by firstderivative and SavitzkyGolay filter.At last，the NIR quantitative model for moisture in huodan pills was established by partial least squares regression and validated by the validation set.ResultsThe correlation coefficients，the root mean square error overall of calibration，that of cross validation of the calibration model was 0.988 17，0.103，and 0.326 16，respectively. The root mean square error overall of prediction and the average recovery of validation was 0.217 and 98.02%.ConclusionThe NIR spectroscopy analysis model is steady，accurate and reliable，which can be used to detecte moisture content of huodan pills.
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    Influences of Polyethylene Glycol 6000 on the Solubility of m-Nisoldipine
    SHI Xiaowei;SUN Mengmeng;WANG Jing;YANG Caiqin
    2014, 33(5): 664-667. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.035
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    ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the influences of polyethylene glycol 6000 on the solubility and in vitro dissolution of mnisoldipine，which could provide guidance for chosing formulations of mnisoldipine.MethodsSolid dispersions of mnisoldipine were prepared by solventmelting method with polyethylene glycol 6000 matrix.DSC and XRD spectroscopy were applied to identify the solid dispersions.The solubility and in vitro dissolution were detected by UV spectroscopy.ResultsThe DSC and XRD map were different from the crude drug and their physical mixtures.The dissolution rates（1：3，1：5，1：7） were faster（35.31%，38.71%，41.48%） than that of the crude drug（26.80%），and the dissolution rates of the solid dispersions in the same ratio were higher than the physical mixtures.ConclusionDSC analysis indicated that eutectic compounds were produced by the mnisoldipine and polyethylene glycol，in which polyethylene glycol6000 acts as a carrier.The solubility and in vitro dissolution of mnisoldipine can be increased.
    • 用药指南
  • 用药指南
    Detecting Thermal Stability of Cefmenoxime Hydrochloride in Infusion Solutions by Classical Isothermal Kinetic Method and Multivariate Linear Model
    WANG Jianxin;ZHANG Chenchen;YANG Jizhang;GU Tixin
    2014, 33(5): 668-671. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.036
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    ABSTRACT Objective To investigate thermal degradation kinetic characteristics of cefmenoxime hydrochloride in infusion solutions，and predict its thermal stability.MethodsThe HPLC was applied to determine the contents of cefmenoxime hydrochloride.Classical isothermal kinetic method and multivariate linear model were used to predict the expiration date of the injection.ResultsIt was found that the thermal degradation kinetics of cefmenoxime hydrochloride in two infusion solutions corresponded with the firstorder kinetics.The expiration dates of cefmenoxime hydrochloride in 0.9%sodium chloride injection calculated by two different methods were 2.20 days and 1.52 days，and in 5% glucose injection were 2.09 days and 1.53 days，respectively.ConclusionThe thermal stability of cefmenoxime hydrochloride in infusion solutions is poor and its expiration dates are the same calculated by two different methods.
    • 临床药师交流园地
  • 临床药师交流园地
    Pharmaceutical Care on A Patient with Coronary Heart Disease and Renal Insufficiency
    GE Pengcheng;DANG Dasheng;REN Tianshu;SHI Guobing
    2014, 33(5): 674-676. https://doi.org/10.3870/yydb.2014.05.038
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    ABSTRACT Objective To explore the pharmaceutical care plan of clinical pharmacist for elderly patients with coronary heart disease and renal insufficiency.MethodsTo develop the therapeutic schedule in cooperation with clinicians through clinical rounds, in order to offer specific pharmaceutical care and further develop individualized care plan during patient’s hospitalization. ResultsClinical pharmacists paid close attention to the indicators and adjusted administration time when the adverse reactions such as lower blood pressure, leukopenia, and deterioration of renal function occurred, and finally avoided further potential adverse reactions.ConclusionThe incidence of adverse drug reactions are reduced, the safety and efficacy of drugs used are guaranteed, which can promote rational and effective use of drugs in clinic. The overall quality of healthcare is improved with pharmacist involvement.
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