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    药物研究
  • 药物研究
    LI Zhi-jian;Kaisaier&#;ABUDOUKEREMU;Abudoujilili&#;ABUDOUAINI;LIU Fa;MENG Fan-long;Aiximujiang;Silafu&#;AIBAI;YAN Ming
    Objective To investigate the chronic toxicology of Datura stramonium L. (MTL) extract in Beagle dogs. Methods 24 health Beagle dogs were randomly divided into low,middle and high dose groups,which were treated with MTL extract (40,80,160 mg•kg-1•d-1) by oral administration,respectively,once a day for 3 months. The blank control dogs were treated with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium. Four dogs in each group were killed 24 h after the last treatment,and two dogs in each group were killed 2 weeks after treatment withdrawal. The hematology and biochemical indexes and organ coefficients were detected. The systematic postmortem and organ histopathology were examined. Results Some symptoms like pupil dilation,dry mouth and emesis appeared in the high and middle dose of MTL treated dogs compared with the controls; the weight loss of dogs in the middle and high dose groups were reduced significantly; platelet count/blood platelet count (PLT),lymphoid cells (LYMPH) and creatine kinase (CK) increased significantly,granulocytes (GRAN) decreased obviously; there was no significant change in organ histopathology. Conclusion MTL extract by oral administration for consecutive 3 months has a certain chronic toxicity on the central nervous system,digestive system,blood system and heart. The safety dose of MTL extract for Beagle dogs is not above 40 mg•kg-1•d-1(crude drug 388 mg•kg-1•d-1).

  • 药物研究
    WANG Shuai;MENG Xian-sheng;BAO Yong-rui;GUO Xiao-rui
    Objective To assess the absorbing and desorbing capability of macroporus resins for total saponins in Bupleurum chinense and optimize the macroporous resin for better purifying total saponins. To establish a method for enriching and purifying the total saponins from Bupleurum chinense by using an anion exchange resin to decolor the enriched total saponins. Methods Static and dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments were carried out to screen the optimal macroporous resin. NKA9 resin was chosen to remove the soluble impurities and enrich total saponins.The weakly basic anion exchange resin D900 was used to give a further purification. The spectrophotometric assay and HPLC were used to detect the changes of total saponins. Results NKA9 showed a better adsorption and desorption property among the seven types of macroreticular resin. The loading volume and eluting conditions were fixed simultaneously,and the elution ratio was over 95%. After being decolorized via anion exchange resin D900,the purity of total saponins reached to 70%. Conclusion The combination of resin can simply and fastly enrich and purify total saponins from Bupleurum chinense,which providing the basis for industrial manufacturing.
  • 药物研究
    YAO Xia;XU Li-jia;XIAO Wei;PENG Yong;XIAO Pei-gen
    Objective To detect contents of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) in Lycii Fructus from different species and regions. Methods Contents of polysaccharide were determined by using phenol sulfuric acid method. Results LBP contents in Lycii Fuctus from different species were ranked as: L. yunnanense>L. barbarum>L. cylindricum>L. chinense>L. dasystemum>L. truncatum>L. chinense var. potaninii>L. barbarum var. auranticarpum>L. ruthenicum>L. dasystemum var. rubricaulium; which from different regions ranked as: Ningxia>Xinjiang>Neimenggu>Qinghai>Hebei>Shaanxi>Shanxi>Gansu. Conclusion LBP in planted Lycii Fuctus was more than those in wild Lycii Fuctus. Lycii Fuctus grown in Ningxia,surrounding and the main planting bases produce more LBP than those in other areas. Ningxia is the highest LBP producing region.

  • 药物研究
    WANG Gui-hong;ZHANG Yuan-yuan;XIAO Yi;HU Jun-jie;ZHENG Guo-hua
    Objective To develop a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprint of Fructus citri immaturu from different regions. Methods The chromatographic column was Aichrom Bondraising AQ C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid water with gradient elution. Flow rate was 1.0 mL•min-1at 30 ℃and detection wavelength was 360 nm. Results The common mode of HPLC fingerprint was developed and quality of Fructus citri immaturu from different regions was similar. Conclusion This method is accurate and reproducible,which can be used for the quality control of Fructus citri immaturu.

  • 药物研究
    Mourboul ABLISE;ZHANG Lan;ZHANG Min
    Objective To study on the contents and kinds of amino acids in dried Coreopsis tinctoria flower originated from Kunlun Mountain. Methods In this study,the automatic amino acid analyzer was used for determination. Results The flower contained seventeen amino acids,eihgt of which were human essential amino acids. The percentage of total free amino acids reached to 10.81% of dried Coreopsis tinctoria flower.Conclusion Coreopsis tinctoria flower has a good nutritional value and development prospective.
  • 药物研究
    XU Ai-ren;HU Xiao-wei;MA Wei-cheng;YING Jin-yan
    Objective To establish the best way for extraction and methylesterification of lipids in Saigae Ataricae cornu. Methods The optimization of extraction and methylesterification for lipids in Saigae Ataricae cornu were investigated. The effects of extraction efficiency,catalyst dosage,temperature and time were studied on the basis of suitable extraction and methylesterification being selected. Results The best extraction method was modified chloroform methanol one. The best methylesterification was by a sulfuric acidmethanol method. Conclusion The optimized extraction and methylesterification can be used for identification of types and contents of lipids in Saigae Ataricae cornu by gas chromatography.
  • 药物研究
    DING Li;WANG Xian-De;LI Zhong-xing;WANG Xiu-hua
    Objective To compare the efficacy of three β-lactamase inhibitors and investigate in vitro anti-bacterial activity of penicillins/tazobactam against pathogens isolated from patients. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of the antibacterial agents against clinically isolated strains was detected by the agar dilution method. Results It was indicated that tazobactam showed the most powerful β-lactamase inhibition. The MIC50 of amoxicillin /tazobactam,azlocillin/tazobactam and mezlocillin/tazobactam against the common pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and E.coli was 93.75%,96.88%,93.75% lower than the single use,respectively. Conclusion The in vitro antibacterial activities of penicillins are significantly improved in combination with tazobactam.

  • 药物研究
    QIN Dan;LIU Xian-yi
    Objective To investigate the effect of shenfu injection (SF) on the kidney structure and function,and expression of bcl2 and bax in kidney after intestinal ischemic reperfusion. Methods 36 SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups:group C,as control; group IR+NS,as ischemic reperfusion and NS pretreatment; group IR+SF,ischemic reperfusion and SF pretreatment. The model of intestinal ischemic reperfusion was established by blocking the superior mesenteric artery for 60 minutes in both IR+NS and IR+SF groups,with group C shamoperated. Group C and group IR+NS were pretreated with 10 mL&#8226;kg-1 of NS through femoral vein at a constant speed by micro pump. Group IR+SF was pretreated with SF in the same way. The structure of renal tissue was observed through microscope. Urea and electrolytes in blood serum were examined by iSTAT portable clinical analyzer. The expression of proteins bcl2 and bax in kidney were detected by using the immunohistochemical method. The apoptosis level of renal cells was tested by the TUNEL assay. Results The structure of renal tissue in group IR+NS was more severely injured under microscope,compared with,that in group IR+SF. Compared with group C,the urea and K+ levels in serum of group IR+NS were markedly increased (P<0.01); while,compared with group IR+NS,those in serum of group IR+SF were markedly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with group C,the expression of bcl2 and bax proteins in group IR+NS were markedly increased (P<0.01);while,those in group IR+SF were markedly decreased (P<0.01) compared with group IR+NS. There was significant difference for apoptosis indexes (AI) among three groups,which in group IR+SF was significant lower than that in group IR+NS. Conclusion SF injection may prevent kidney injury after intestinal ischemic reperfusion.
  • 药物研究
    ZHANG Xiao-bin;ZENG Ling-lan;CHEN Sha-yan;WANG Hua
    Objective To observe the effects of curcumin on mRNA expression of matrix metal proteinase-13(MMP-13) and the tissue inhibitor of metal proteinase-1(TIMP-1) in hepatic tissues of experimental rats. Methods 22 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups : normal group (n=7),model group (n=6) and treatment group (n=9) . Hepatic fibrosis was induced by CCl4 in rats,which were treated with treatment after 6 weeks in the treatment group. All rats were sacrificed by the end of the 10th week,when HE staining of hepatic tissue was performed and the semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assay mRNA expression of MMP-13 and TIMP-1. Results HE staining in the treatment group was significantly different from the model group (P<0.05); the mRNA expression of MMP-13 among each group was not remarkable different (P>0.05),but not for the mRNA expression of TIMP-1 (P<0.05),Comparing to the normal group; TIMP-1mRNA in the model group and treatment group were obviously elevated (P<0.05),compared with the model group,while TIMP-1mRNA of the treatment group was reduced(P<0.05). Conclusion Curcumin reverses liver fibrosis,the mechanism of which associated to reducing the mRNA expression of TIMP-1,restoring the liver collagen degeneration system gradually.
  • 药物研究
    SUN Jin-ping;QIAN Kun
    Objective To explore the antidepressant effects of daidzein and its possible mechanism. Methods The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS) model was set up in rats and the behavior changes were investigated through forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT) after the treatment of daidzein. The western blotting was used to study the changes of BDNF (brainderived neurotrophic factor) by daidzein. Results The behavioral scores of FST and OFT in the CMS model group in 14 d markedly decreased,in comparison to the normal control group (P<0.05). However,imipramine and daidzein at 1,3,10 mg&#8226;kg-1 improved the behavioral scores of FST and OFT after 14 d (P<0.05); 7 days after drugs withdrawn,the FST and OFT scores in imipramine and daidzein groups showed no significant difference compared with the CMS model (P>0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of BDNF in DG area of hippocampus was reduced by CMS (P<0.05),which was increased after the treatment of imipramine and daidzein,respectively. 7 days after treatment,the expression of BDNF in imipramine and daidzein group were declined once again compared with the CMS model control(P>0.05). Conclusion Daidzein may exert the antidepressant effects by improving the behavior performance and increasing the BDNF expression in hippocampus of rat model of depression .

  • 肿瘤科用药专栏
  • 肿瘤科用药专栏
    ZHU Qian;YAN Wei;LIN Hai-hua;LUO Min;XIA Yu-jia;TU Wei;ZHOU Zhen-zhen;DENG Huan;TIAN De-an
    Objective To investigate the effect of TNF-α on the invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721. Methods SMMC-7721 were treated with TNF-α of different concentrations for 24 h. The invasion of cells were detected by Transwell assay. The gap junction intercellular communication between cells were detected by scrapeloading and dye transfer assay. The expression level of connexin 32 (Cx32) on membrane was analyzed by Western blot. Results Compared with the control,cell invasion was enhanced by TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. While the gap junction intercellular communication was weakened and Cx32 expression on membrane was decreased. Conclusion TNF-α may promote the invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through Cx32 and gap junction.

  • 肿瘤科用药专栏
    ZHANG Jun;LIANG Ya-jun
    Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of palonosetron hydrochloride and tropisetron hydrochloride on prevention of gastrointestinal side effects caused by chemotherapeutic drugs. Methods Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups by selfcross comparison: AB group (palonosetron hydrochloride was given in the first cycle and tropisetron hydrochloride in the second) and BA group (the treatment was in an opposite way). Results A total 63 patients were evaluable. The amelioration of anorexia,nausea and vomiting were similar in both groups,024 hours after treatment. The inhibition of anorexia,nausea and vomiting in the palonosetron hydrochloride group was significantly obvious than that in the tropisetron hydrochloride treated group,24120 hours and 0120 hours after the treatment,(P<0.05). The most common adverse event was headache for these drugs. Conclusion Palonosetron hydrochloride is more effective on delaying nausea and vomiting than tropisetron hydrochloride and with few side effects,which is worth for the clinic use.
  • 肿瘤科用药专栏
    HE Yi;XU Lan;HE Cheng;HUANG Li-iong
    Objective To study the clinic effect and toxic action of program FP (cisplatin and fluorouracil) and DP (cisplatin and docetaxel) in synchronization with radiotherapy. Methods One hundred and twentyfive women diognosed asⅡb~Ⅳa stage cervix cancer by pathology and cytology were studied,whom were divided randomly into two groups,the FP group with 65 patients and DP group with 60 patients.The FP group were treated with cisplatin 40 mg&#8226;(m2)-1 via vein from the first to fourth day,and with 5-flurouracil 1.0 mg&#8226;(m2)-1 via vein from the first to fifth day,28 days as a course of treatment,for totally two courses.The DP group were treated with docetaxel 135 mg&#8226;(m2)-1 via vein in the first day,and cisplatin 135 mg&#8226;(m2)-1 from day one to four,28 days as a course and two courses were concluded.The clinic effect and toxic action were tested in comtrast with each other. Results The short-term efficacy of FP group was 78.5%,and that of DP group was 91.7%,the difference between two groups showed statistic significance(P<0.05).The meso-positions of FP and DP were 32.4 months and 31.7 months,twoyear survival rate were 84.6% and 86.7%,respectively,in which no statistic significance(P>0.05) was showed. The toxic action in two groups was similar,the main of which were endurable gastrointestinal reaction and myelosupression,and there was no statistic significance(P>0.05) in the incidence and degree. Conclusion Both FP and DP have a good tolerance and achieve curative effect for patients with mediumand adavanced cervical cancer.DP program has a better immdiate effect and higher relief rate,which could be regarded as a ideal chemotherapy for patients with mediumand adavanced cervix cancer.
  • 药物与临床
  • 药物与临床
    WANG Fang;HAN Zhi-wu;XU You-ping;Li Jing;YAO Guo-qian
    Objective To study the effects of prostaglandins E1 on arteriovenous fistula in patients of hemodialysis. Methods One hundred and twenty uremia patients were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group and control group. The treatment group received prostaglandins E1 and dipyridamole, while the control group only received dipyridamole after operation. The clinical therapeutic effects in both groups were observed, including blood platelet count, coagulation index, blood output, fistula patency and the first using time after fistula maturation. Results The primary patency rate one month after the procedure was 98.3% (59/60) in the treatment group vs. 86.7% (52/60) in the control group (P<0.05). The blood output was (466±147)mL&#8226;min-1 in the treatment group vs. (351±89)mL&#8226;min-1 in the control group (P<0.01). The first using time after fistula maturation was (22.7±4.3) d in the treatment group vs. (28.2±7.1)d in the control group (P<0.01). The differences of blood platelet count, coagulation index between the pre and post therapy in the treatment group did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Prostaglandins E1 may have a beneficial effect in the creation of an arteriovenous fistula by increasing blood flow, improving initial patency and fistula maturation but doesn’t increase the risk of bleeding.

  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    LIU Ying;WU Chuan-wen;ZHAO Chun-jie;ZHANG Zhen-qiu;ZHAO Yi
    Objective To develop a HPLC method for determination of glycyrrhizic acid in Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Sargassum fusiforme, investigate the change in different herbs combination and explore the mechanism of their incompatibility. Methods Kromasil C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm ,5 μm) was used ,and methanolacetonitrile0.2 mol&#8226;L-1 ammounium acetateglacial acetic acid (45:15:40:1) was taken as the mobile phase by gradient elution with flow rate at 1.0 mL&#8226;min-1 and detected at 250 nm. Results The linear range of glycyrrhizic acid was 39.18-195.90 μg &#8226;mL-1 (r=0.999 9). The average recovery (n=9 ) of glycyrrhizic acid was 100.2% ,RSD=1.5%(n=9). The glycyrrhizic acid was the lowest in content when the combination ration of Glycyrrhiza uralensis to Sargassum fusiforme was 1:1. Conclusion The method is rapid,accurate and repeatable,which providing bases for incompatibility in Glycyrrhiza uralensis with Sargassum fusiforme.
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    CHEN Jing-ran;XIE Fei;YIN Xiao-fei;LIU Jin-hua;WANG Ai-ping
    Objective To establish a HPLC method for determination of emodin and chrysophanol in niuhuang jiedu dropping pill. Methods Kromasil C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm) column was used; the mobile phase was methanol0.1% phosphoric acid (85:15); the flow rate was 1 mL&#8226;min-1 and column temperature was at 30 ℃; the detection wavelength was 254 nm. Results There was a good linear relationship of emodin and chrysophanol at range from 2.3637.72 μg&#8226;mL-1 and 6.41-102.60 μg&#8226;mL-1,respectively; the average recoveries were 99.56%(RSD=1.1%,n=9)and 99.89%(RSD=1.8%,n=6),respectively. Conclusion This method is convenient,accurate and reproducible for determination of emodin and chrysophanol in niuhuang jiedu dropping pill.
  • 药物制剂与药品质量控制
    YAN Ju-jiao;ZHANG Jian-bo;FU Li-juan
    Objective To establish a method for determination of high molecular polymers in cefmenoxime hydrochloride for injection. Methods The chromatographic column was Tskgel G2000 SWxl(300 mm×7.8 mm,5 μm)and mobile phase was 0.005 mol&#8226;L-1 phosphate buffer(pH7.0):acetonitrile(95:5). The flow rate was at 0.8 mL&#8226;min-1 ,the detection wavelength was 234 nm and the loading volume was 20 μL.Results The good linear relationships were showed between the sum of peak area of high polymer impurity and concentration of solution for the tested at the range of 0.067-2.700 mg&#8226;mL-1 ( r=0.998 8) and for cefmenoxime hydrochloride at the range of 0.001-0.010 mg&#8226;mL-1 (r=0.999 9),respectively. Conclusion The method is simple,reproducible and reliable,which can be used for quality contro1 of high molecular polymers in cefmenoxime hydrochloride for injection.
  • 用药指南
  • 用药指南
    HE Pei-gen;Min Xin-wen;ZHENG Fang;LIU Jing;ZHU Xue-song
    Objective To study the compatible stability of cefoxitin sodium for injection and fluconazole and sodium chloride injection under ambient temperature. Methods The changes of contents of cefoxitin sodium and fluconazole were determined simultaneously by RPHPLC,and those of appearance,pH value were observed within 6 hours. Results There were no significant changes in the contents,appearance and pH values of the compatible solution for 4h. Conclusion Cefoxitin sodium for injection is inadvisable to mix with fluconazole and sodium chloride injection for 4 h under ambient temperature.

  • 药物不良反应
  • 药物不良反应
    FENG Bian-ling;YANG Shi-min;WANG Jie-peng

    Objective To investigate recent researches on adverse drug reaction (ADR) in literatures,and a comprehensive review of previous studies,find problems inside and explore a better research methodologies. Methods Statistical analysis of online journals for adverse drug reactions reported in China between 2004 to 2009 was carried out,and various multidimensional comparation was studied. Results Current researches on adverse drug reactions are only concerned with the frequency of occurrence; from the frequency,the chemical drugs derived adverse reactions have been more reported,most of which are the antimicrobial drugs,drugs on central nervous system,on circulatory system,antineoplastic agents.The side effects of which are involved in the various organs,and some are serious. Conclusion The rational use of medicines should be enforced and provide more adequate and practical reference for clinical medication,in order to reduce and prevent the occurrence of ADR.