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  • Orginal Article
    Jianhong WU,Xiaoyan YANG,Qiangni LIU,Ping YIN,Fandian ZENG
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    ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze adverse drug reaction (ADR) of YuxingcaoHouttuyniae Herba) preparations, thus provide reference for post-market re-evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injections. MethodsThe ADR from Chinese ADR spontaneous reporting system database from 2006 to 2008 were analyzed by descriptive statistic method. ResultsA total of 2 282 reports on ADR induced by Yuxingcao preparations were concluded in this study, and 98.07% ADR of the total cases (2 238 case) were due to vein injection.The main ADR were anaphylactic reactions which injure multiple systems and organs.The most frequent symptoms were respiratory system damage, such as expiratory dyspnea (with the incidence rate of 27.25%).Skin and mucous membrane were the secondly susceptible (with the incidence rate of 21.35%).The ratio of serious ADR in the total case was 13.50% (308 case), rate of allergic shock was 8.37% (191 case), and 22 cases were dead. ConclusionBy strengthening the ADR reporting and monitoring, the risk of traditional Chinese medicine injection could be controlled.Safety re-evaluation should be performed to overall enhance safety, effectiveness and quality control of these kinds of medicine.
  • Orginal Article
    Fang LI,Peimin YANG,Guangshang CAO,Shuang LU
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    ObjectiveTo study and compare the metabolism of Hedyotis diffusa flavonoid extract in intestinal flora from human, normal rats and pseudo germ-free rats in vitro. MethodsIntestinal flora of human, normal rats and pseudo germ-free rats were incubated with Hedyotis diffusa extract, rutosid, isoquercitrin and quercitrin under anaerobic conditions at 37 ℃.High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used for the analysis of components and metabolic products.The trends of metabolic transformation of the various components were analyzed according to the changes in chromatographic peak areas at different incubation time points. ResultsThe components of Hedyotis diffusa extract and its monomer were quickly metabolized by human and normal rat intestinal flora and the main metabolite was quercetin.However, they were hardly metabolized by intestinal flora from pseudo germ-free rats.The metabolism effect of intestinal flora was weaker on components than on the corresponding monomers. ConclusionBy comparing flavonoids metabolism in intestinal flora from human, normal rats and pseudo germ-free rats, the important role of intestinal microflora in the metabolism of flavonoids is further confirmed.
  • Orginal Article
    Zhuang CHEN,Guodong HUANG,Shaowei XIANG,Longlong WANG,Shilong LU,Yaping ZHANG
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the protection effects and possible mechanism of apoptotic effect of compound Xiancao granules on renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. MethodsRenal IRI rat model was established by clipping bilateral renal artery.The rats were divided into model control group (n=10), compound Xiancao granules group (n=10) and sham operation group (n=10).All Serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined to evaluate kidney function after IRI.Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in kidney were measured by colorimetric method.Expression of apoptotic regulatory genes Bcl-2 and Bax in renal tissue were detected by Western blotting.Renal tissue sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and examined under a light microscope. ResultsSOD and GSH-PX levels of the compound Xiancao granules group (278.1±16.2),(155.96±20.58) U·mg-1 were significantly higher than those of the model control group (196.3±12.1),(109.34±17.81) U·mg-1P<0.05).MDA, BUN and Cr (12.49±1.07) nmol·mL-1,(8.9±2.7) mmol·L-1,(149.7±8.5) μmol·L-1 were significantly reduced in the compound Xiancao granules group as compared with those of the model control group (17.32±1.26) nmol·mL-1,(14.6±3.3) mmol·L-1,(206.1±11.2) μmol·L-1P<0.05).Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels of sham operation group were significantly lower, and the Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels of model control group were significantly enhanced (Bcl-2: P<0.05, Bax: P<0.01).Bax mRNA expression level of compound Xiancao granules group was significantly decreased as compared with that of model control group (P<0.05), but Bcl-2 mRNA expression level of compound Xiancao granules group was significantly enhanced as compared with that of model control group (P<0.01). ConclusionThese results suggested that compound Xiancao granules has protection effect on renal IRI in rats.The mechanisms may be related to its antioxidant activity and expression of the apoptotic genes such as Bcl-2 and Bax.
  • Orginal Article
    Yunli JIA,Shigang LI,Wei LIU,Lingling YU,Xiaowei ZENG
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    ObjectiveTo study the effects of total saponins of Chaenomeles speciosa on release of β-hexosaminidase from rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 (RBL-2H3) mast cells. MethodsAfter rat RBL-2H3 mast cells were prepared, total saponins of Chaenomeles speciosa and the RBL-2H3 mast cells were co-cultured.The toxic effects of total saponins of Chaenomeles speciosa on mast cells were detected by MTT method, β-hexosaminidase release rate was measured by fluorescence quantitative spectrophotometric method, and cell supernatants of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release were detected by ELISA. ResultsAfter total saponins of Chaenomeles speciosa were co-cultured with RBL-2H3 mast cells with different antigen stimulation, β-hexosaminidase release rates and the levels of TNF-α of mast cells significantly decreased compared with the control group. ConclusionTotal saponins of Chaenomeles speciosa inhibit the degranulation of RBL-2H3 mast cells in a dose dependent manner, which provids basis for studying mechanism of inhibiting allergic reactions.
  • Orginal Article
    Li ZHANG,Feng QIN,Huiming ZHANG,Jiehui LI,Chunxia ZHANG,Juanjiao DU
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    ObjectiveTo explore the intervention mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Fang on deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of rabbit model,by observing its effects on serum t-PA and PAI-1,D-D,NO,CRP,PT,blood rheology and vascular pathology. MethodsFifty New Zealand rabbits were randomly selected.Ten rabbits were served as blank control group.DVT animal models were established in the remaining 40 rabbits,which were randomly divided into model control group,Yiqi Fang group,Huoxue Fang group and Yiqi Huoxue Fang group (n=10 each group).The changes of serum t-PA,PAI-1,D-D,NO,CRP,PT and pathological changes of blood vessel were observed after 7-days treatment. ResultsAs compared with the blank control group,the serum t-PA,PAI-1,D-D,CRP and PT were significantly increased in the model control group,Yiqi Fang group,Huoxue Fang group and Yiqi Huoxue Fang group (all P<0.01); NO was decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05 in model control group,Yiqi Fang group and Huoxue Fang group; P>0.05 in Yiqi Huoxue Fang group vs.the blank control group).As compared with model control group,the serum t-PA,NO,D-D increased,PAI-1 and CRP value reduced in Yiqi Huoxue Fang group and Huoxue fang group (P<0.01 or P<0.05).As compared with Yiqi Huoxue Fang group,serum t-PA in both Yiqi Fang group and Huoxue Fang group was significantly lower (P<0.01 and P<0.05) ,other indexes were significantly higher than that in Yiqi Huoxue Fang group (serum PAI-1,P<0.01 in Yiqi Fang group; NO and D-D,P<0.01 or P<0.05 in Yiqi Fang group; CRP value,P<0.01).Vascular pathology showed that blood vessels,especially vascular endothelia,of Yiqi Huoxue Fang group were most slightly injured,with slightest infiltration of inflammatory cells. ConclusionYiqi Huoxue Fang can prevent DVT through regulating t-PA and PAI-1,keeping the fibrinolytic system function at a relatively high level,protecting vascular intima and relieving the inflammation in venous thrombosis.
  • Orginal Article
    Yuna ZHAO,Ting GAO,Jing CHEN
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different penetration enhancers on percutaneous absorption of Xiaoyan Runma mucilage in vitro, and to improve the curative efficacy of this mucilages through selection of the effective penetration enhancers. MethodsXiaoyan Runma mucilage was prepared with different penetration enhancers.An intelligent permeability instrument was used for in vitro percutaneous absorption test of rats , with isolated mice abdomen skin serving as in vitro transdermal barrier and saline isotonic solution as receptor fluid.Then the contents of lidocaine hydrochloride in receptors were determined by HPLC.The accumulative transit dose (Q) and percutaneous permeability (J) within 12 h were calculated and compared with those of mucilage without any enhancer. ResultsWith Q value serving as an index, different enhancers had different promote permeation effects on Xiaoyan Runma mucilage, and the effects in descending order were as follows:4% azone [(222.75±3.4) μg·(cm2-1]>2% azone[(207.42±5.1) μg·(cm2-1]>3% menthol [(183.38±4.9) μg·(cm2-1]>5%menthol [(160.82±5.4) μg·(cm2-1]>2% azone+3% menthol [(151.25±5.5) μg·(cm2-1]>2% azone+5% isopropyl myristate [(127.26±7.1) μg·(cm2-1]>2% oleic acid [(125.16±6.5) μg·(cm2-1]>no enhancer [(109.82±8.2) μg·(cm2-1].4% azone was the best penetration enhancer for the mucilage delivery in vitro, with Q and J value as [(222.75±3.4)μg·(cm2-1]and 19.896 μg·(cm2-1·h-1, respectively, which was 2.08 times those of mucilages without any enhancer. ConclusionBeing as a transdermal absorption enhancer of Xiaoyan Runma mucilage, 4% azone has the best effect.This study can provide the optimal formulation for transdermal delivery system of Xiaoyan Runma mucilage.
  • Orginal Article
    Jing LI,Zhifei YANG,Jin LI,Jingang WU,Jiali ZHANG,Wenxia YAN,Yaoyan DUN
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    ObjectiveTo study the mechanism of anti-inflammation and bacteriostasis effect of Qinlian Liyan Heji. MethodsTo assess the anti-inflammatory effect, blood capillary permeability in mice was increased by acetic acid, the swelling of toe in rats was induced by albumen, and granuloma was induced by cotton ball in mice.The agar dilution method was used to check the minimal inhibitory concentration of Qinlian Liyan Heji on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Moraxella catarrhalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae.The microdilution method was used to detect the minimal inhibitory concentration of Qinlian Liyan Heji on group A streptococci, Streptococcal pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae. ResultsContrast to the negative control group, Qinlian Liyan Heji significantly inhibited the increase of blood capillary permeability caused by acetic acid in the middle dose and the high dose groups.In the low dose and middle dose groups, Qinlian Liyan Heji obviously reduced the swelling of plantar in 2, 3, 4, 5 h.In the high dose group, Qinlian Liyan Heji markedly lowered the swelling of plantar in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h.Qinlian Liyan Heji significantly reduced the granuloma caused by cotton ball.On the other hand, Qinlian Liyan Heji exerted bacteriostatic effect on the above 7 types of bacteria. ConclusionQinlian Liyan Heji has effects of anti-inflammation and bacteriostasis.
  • Orginal Article
    Xiaotong PAN,Zhouping YANG,Huan LIU,Xuediao PAN
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    ObjectiveTo determine the effect of apigenin on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H1650. MethodsNCI-H1650 cell line was cultured routinely in vitro, with blank control group and different concentrations of apigenin (10, 20, 40, 80 μmol·L-1). The blank control group was RPMI-1640 solution without apigenin. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT.Hoechst 33258 was applied to observe morphological changes of the apoptotic cells after treatment of different concentrations of apigenin.Flow cytometry AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining method was used to determine cell apoptosis rate.The expression levels of apoptosis-related signaling molecules Bax and Bcl-2 protein were performed by Western blotting. ResultsMTT showed that apigenin inhibited proliferation of NCI-H1650 cell line in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.01).Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining showed typical characteristics of apoptosis in certain concentration-dependent manner, such as nuclear condensation and appearance of apoptotic bodies.In addition, the results of flow cytometry staining indicated that the apoptotic rate of NCI-H1650 cells cultured with blank control group and different concentrations of apigenin (10, 20, 40, 80 μmol·L-1) for 48 h was (5.00±0.33)%, (18.05±4.67)%, (21.48±1.95)%, (43.24±1.11)%, (66.23±3.65)%, respectively (P<0.01).Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of Bax increased with increasing of the drug concentration, but Bcl-2 decreased with increasing of the drug concentration. ConclusionApigenin can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of NCI-H1650 cells in non-small cell lung cancer.Mechanisms may be related to increase of the expression of apoptosis related protein Bax and decrease of the expression of anti apoptosis protein Bcl-2.
  • Orginal Article
    Guangzhao HE,Chengliang ZHANG
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    ObjectiveTo explore the pharmaceutical care approaches for patients with lung cancer complicated with renal insufficiency receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy. MethodsAn elderly patient with lung cancer complicated with renal insufficiency receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy faced inevitable safety risks.Clinical pharmacists considered it as an intervention point, and provided individual pharmaceutical care. ResultsClinical pharmacists fully assessed the safety risks of the case receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy with clinicians, assisted in improving the therapeutic regimen, and carried out medication education for the patient.No serious adverse drug reactions occurred in the patient, and anti-tumor efficacy was obtained. ConclusionFor patients of lung cancer complicated with renal insufficiency receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy, clinical pharmacists should focus on creatinine clearance rate, and decide whether the combined use of platinum anti-tumor drugs, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and zoledronic acid can be adopted, and follow-up on adverse drug reactions and anti-tumor efficacy.
  • Orginal Article
    Jiwei CHENG,Yu BAI,Lijun ZHANG,Xiaojing ZHANG,Yuqing HOU
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    ObjectiveTo explore the chronergy of fibrinolysin and its influence on fibrinogen (FIB) and thrombus precursor protein (TpP) in treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI). MethodsThe clinical trial adopted the randomized single-blind placebo-controlled design.Totally, 150 patients with ACI (onset time ≤12 h) were chosen and randomly divided into experimental group A (group A receiving treatment of fibrinolysin after 12 h onset of ACI), experimental group B (group B receiving treatment of fibrinolysin after 24 h onset of ACI) and control group (group C without fibrinolysin treatment), 50 cases in each group.The patients in experimental group A and B received basic treatment for ACI and fibrinolysin treatment.Patients in group C were given the basic treatment for ACI and placebo.The level of FIB and TpP before and after 7 days treatment, NIHSS scores before and after 14 days treatment, BI scores before and after 90 days treatment, incidence rate of progressive cerebral infarction (PCI), stroke recurrence and mortality rate of the three groups were analyzed to evaluate the clinical effect of fibrinolysin.Hepatic and renal function before and after 7 days treatment, incidence rates of haemorrhage and hypersensitiveness were analyzed to evaluate the security of fibrinolysin. ResultsThe NIHSS score of patients in group A, B and C (4.0±1.6, 6.5±2.2 and 8.0±4.7) was declined significantly after treatment (P<0.05).Group A and B declined more than group C (P<0.05).Group A declined even more than group B (P<0.05).The BI score of patients in group A, B and C after treatment was 68.5±30.6, 55.6±29.2 and 49.7±28.9.The BI score of all groups increased significantly after treatment (P<0.05).Compared with group B and C, group A increased more significantly (P<0.05).The incidence rate of progressive stroke in group A, B and C was 4%, 20% and 30%, respectively.The incidence rate of progressive stroke in group A was lower than that in group B and C (P<0.05).The recurrence rate of stroke after 90 days treatment in group A, B and C was 6.3%, 8.3% and 25.5%, respectively.The recurrence rate of stroke after 1 year treatment in group A, B and C was 10.4%, 12.5% and 31.9%, respectively.The recurrence rates of stroke in group A and B 90 days and 1 year after treatment were significantly lower than those in group C (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the mortality between the three groups (P>0.05).The FIB in group A, B and C after treatment was (2.74±0.75) g·L-1,(2.82±0.83) and (3.67±1.35) g·L-1, respectively.The level of FIB in the three groups did not decrease significantly after treatment (P>0.05).However, the level of FIB in group A and B declined significantly as compared with that in group C.The TpP in group A, B and C after treatment was (3.56±1.26) mg·L-1, (3.43±1.22) and (13.21±6.54) mg·L-1, respectively.The level of TpP in group A and group B decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05).The level of TpP in group A and B declined even more significantly than that in group C.Fibrinolysin did neither obviously injure liver and kidney nor increase the risk of bleeding, and had low hypersensitiveness incidence rate. ConclusionTreatment with fibrinolysin within 24 h after onset of cerebra infarction benefits the patients.However, dosing after 12 h onset of ACI benefits more than dosing after 24 h.Fibrinolysin plays a role of anti-thrombosis primarily by lowering the TpP level, and its influence on fibrinogen is limited.
  • Orginal Article
    Liping WANG,Shourong WEI,Shali XU
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    ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of fasudil combined with fibrinogenase for injection on sudden sensorineural hearing loss of old people. MethodsNinety old patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss were randomly divided into fasudil group, fibrinogenase group and combined group (n=30 in each group).After the treatment, improvement of deafness and tinnitus were compared among the three groups.Hemorrheology, coagulation function, blood routine examination, liver and kidney function profile, and blood lipid were compared before and after the treatment. ResultsThe total effective rate of deafness was significantly higher in the combined group (93.3%) than in the fasudil group (90.0%) and the fibrinogenase group (86.7%) (both P<0.05).The total effective rate of tinnitus was significantly higher in the combined group (93.3%) than in the fasudil group (83.3%) and the fibrinogenase group (80.0%) (both P<0.05).After the treatment, blood viscosity and coagulation function were significantly improved in the three groups (all P<0.05).As compared with the fasudil group and the fibrinogenase group, blood viscosity was significantly improved in the combined group (both P<0.05). ConclusionFasudil combined with the fibrinogenase for injection for sudden sensorineural hearing loss of the old people has preferable curative efficacy, and can effectively improve clinical symptom, blood viscosity and coagulation function of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
  • Orginal Article
    Leyun ZHAN,Zhongyuan XIA,Lei ZHANG,Bo ZHAO,Yang WU,Jiabao HOU
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    ObjectiveTo observe analgesia effect of morphine hydrochloride and hydromorphone hydrochloride in patients after transurethral resection of prostate. MethodsPatients after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) were randomly divided into 2 groups, morphine hydrochloride group (n=45) and hydromorphone hydrochloride group (n=47). Analgesia, sedation efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated at 6 and 24 h after they received epidural postoperative analgesia by using VAS score and Ramsay score. ResultsIn 6 h, hydromorphone hydrochloride group had a better pain tolerance and feeling than morphine hydrochloride group (P<0.05) [(2.9±0.3) score vs.(1.3±0.2) score, (2.4±0.3) score vs.(0.9±0.2) score].However, in 6-12 h, the results were on the contrary (P<0.05) [(3.4±0.3) score vs.(5.4±0.3) score, (3.3±0.2) score vs. (5.7±0.4) score].After 24 h, there was no difference between the two groups (P>0.05).There were no differences in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). ConclusionHydromorphone has a better effect than morphine in epidural analgesia in 6 h.
  • Orginal Article
    Haixia CAI,Hongwei ZHAO,Yuhua QIN,Dongyan CHAI
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    ObjectiveTo study the feasibility of high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) in quantitative analysis of multi-components (QAMS) by single marker. MethodsFour saponins in Astragali Radix were simultaneously determined by HPLC-ELSD using external standard method, and malonylastragaloside I served as internal standard.The relative correction factors between internal standard and astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅱ and astragaloside Ⅳ were calculated, and the stability was investigated. ResultsAstragaloside Ⅳ in Astragali Radix was little, while malonylastragaloside Ⅰ and Astragaloside Ⅰ were abundant.The relative correction factors lacked stability, so ELSD could not be used in QAMS. ConclusionHPLC-ELSD can precisely determine contents of four saponins in Astragali Radix. The detector needs to be further studied when the components have poor ultraviolet absorption such as saponins by QAMS.
  • Orginal Article
    Min FENG,Ning LIN
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    ObjectiveTo optimize the formulation of controlled-onset extended-release tablets of nicorandilby central composite design-response surface method. MethodsThe tablets containing nicorandil were prepared bydry-compression coating technique.The influence factors included the amount of HPMC, the amount of EC, and the ratio of lactose/MCC in coating film.The evaluation parameter was Q4 h and Q5 h.The possibly optimal formulation was predicted by response surface method. ResultsThe OD was simulated using second-order polynomial equation and the r2was 0.970 1.Optimal prescription was as follows: HPMC 89.96 mg, EC 46.21 mg, Lactose/MCC 1.87.Bias between the observed and predicted values of the OD was within 0.43%. ConclusionThe controlled-onset extended-release tablets of nicorandil can release drug quickly in vitro at the predetermined time.Central composite design-response surface method can be used to optimize the formulation and the model developed in this study was proved highly predictable.
  • Orginal Article
    Hua ZHANG,Rong XU
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    ObjectiveTo establish a method of preparing metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablet and its content determination. MethodsThe formulation was optimized through the orthogonal design test by using release rate of the drug as an indicator.The different batches of metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets were determined by HPLC. ResultsThe tablets could release drug steadily and slowly as designed,which was similar to imported tablets.The linear range of metoprolol succinate was 10-70 μg·mL-1r=0.999 8). ConclusionThe releasing rate of metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablet prepared in optimum condition can meet the requirement.This preparation technology is simple,the assay method is rapid,sensitive and reproducible.
  • Orginal Article
    Huawen XIN,Meng OUYANG,Xia TANG
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    ObjectiveTo offer a theory that supports the individualized tacrolimus dosage regimen by retrospectively investigating the influences of gene polymorphism and other clinical factors on tacrolimus concentration in renal transplant recipients. MethodsA total of 280 renal transplant recipients were genotyped for CYP3A4*5, CYP3A4*6, CYP3A4*18B, CYP3A5*3, MDR1 1236C>T, MDR1 2677G>T/A, MDR1 3435C>T polymorphisms by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. PXR 6bp deletions (rs3842689) genotypes were determined by Allelic Special-Touch down PCR. Correlation between gene polymorphisms and tacrolimus concentrations was analyzed. ResultsThe mutation frequency of CYP3A4*18B, CYP3A5*3, MDR1 1236C>T, 2677G>T/A, 3435C>T and PXR rs3842689 in the renal transplant recipients was 29. 11%, 69. 29%, 43. 57%, 49. 64%, 36. 43% and 26. 07%, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that, CYP3A5*3 and red blood cell count were associated with the value of C0D of FK506, the best regression model was: D=C0/(-60. 445 +95. 777×CYP3A5 +34. 938×RBC), and the equation could explain 38. 8% of tacrolimus individual differences. ConclusionGene polymorphism of CYP3A5*3 and red blood cell count may be responsible, in part, for the large interindividual variability of FK506 dose and concentration.
  • Orginal Article
    Dan HAN,Chengqing YANG,Jun PENG,Jun LIANG,Meilan ZHOU
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    ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics and therapy of levofloxacin-induced prolonged Q-T interval in patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). MethodsClinical materials of 6 patients with MDR-TB who developed prolonged Q-T/QTc interval caused by levofloxacin therapy were analyzed.Those cases were collected from the Tuberculosis Prevention and Control of Wuhan City form April 2010 to August 2014. ResultsThe proportion of patients with levofloxacin-induced prolonged Q-T interval was approximately 3.0%.The condition occurred 2-8 months after the administration.The initial value of QTc interval ranged from 397 ms to 439 ms, while the average was (410.17±14.62) ms.The value of QTc interval was extended to 470-486 ms after treatment of levofloxacin, while the average was (476.33±6.16) ms.The increase of QTc interval was 47-85 ms, while the average was (66±11.48) ms.None of them developed Tdp. ConclusionThe application of high dosage and long treatment course of levofloxacin in patients with MDR-TB could result in the extension of the Q-T/QTc interval, which should arouse our serious attention.In order to detect the abnormal Q-T/QTc interval in early stage, electrolyte level examination as well as ECG examination should be considered as routine tests before initiation of treatment and during the follow-up treatment.