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  • 01 May 2018 Volume 37 Issue 5
      
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  • Antagonistic Effects of Endogenous Active Substance Isatin on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
    Chunli GUO,Huihui XU,Shujun SHI,Tengteng LONG,Xiaoling LI,Wang YUE
    2018, 37(5): 509-511. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.001
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    Objective To observe the effect of isatin on prostatic hyperplasia in model mice. Methods Sixty male mice were divided into six groups (n=10): normal control group(0.9% sodium chloride solution 0.2 mL·d-1,ig), model control group(testosterone propionate 5 mg·kg-1 hypodermic injection for modeling), Qianliekang group(Qianliekang 5 mg·kg-1,ig when modeling), isatin low-dose group(isatin 25 mg·kg-1,ig when modeling), isatin medial-dose group(isatin 50 mg·kg-1,ig when modeling),isatin high-dose group(isatin 100 mg·kg-1,ig when modeling). It was given once a day for 15 consecutive days . The prostate weight and prostate index were measured, and HE staining was observed. Results The prostate indexs of mice in low-,medial- and high-dose of isatin group were (61.04±0.96), (52.53±1.71) and (43.78±2.08),respectively, which were lower than in the model group (76.23±2.47) (P<0.05). Moreover, epithelial hyperplasia was inhibited. Conclusion Isatin could inhibit the prostatic hyperplasia of mice which was induced by testosterone propionate.
  • Regulative Effects of Berberine on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line HepG2
    Zhimin ZHANG,Chuanrong QIN,Bicheng ZHANG,Hongxing FU,Bo YANG,Guochao QIU,Zhiguo RAO
    2018, 37(5): 512-518. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.002
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    Objective To investigate the influence and possible mechanism of berberine on inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Methods The inhibitory effect of berberine on the proliferation of HepG2 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8 ) method , while the influence of berberine on cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry . The expression of protein and mRNA of B cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) and Cyclin D1 were determined by Western blotting and real time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) analysis, respectively. Results The proliferation of HepG2 cells were significantly inhibited by berberine in a dose- and time-dependent manner(P<0.01). Berberine blocked the cell cycle in the G1 phase and promoted cell apoptosis, and the rate of apoptosis was proportional to the duration of berberine action(P<0.05). With the extension of time, the expression of BTG2 mRNA and protein were gradually increased(P<0.05), while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Cyclin D1 were significantly decreased(P<0.01). Conclusion Berberine can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells, which may be related to up-regulation of BTG2 expression and down-regulation of Cyclin D1 expression.
  • Protective Effects of Berberine on the Cardiovascular in Diabetic Rats
    Kun LU,Jinfeng HE,Jingzhi CHANG,Lingwei HU,Hua TIAN
    2018, 37(5): 518-522. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.003
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    Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of berberine on the cardiovascular in diabetic rats by observing the effect of berberine on the blood glucose, blood lipid and factors involved in cardiovascular injury. Methods The diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ). The 43 rats of the model were randomly divided into model control group (n=9), metformin group (n=8) and berberine low, medium, high dose groups (50,100,150 mg·kg-1·d-1,n=9,9,8). Normal rats (n=8) were set as normal control group. After 12 weeks of gavage administration, rats’ heart was taken and heart mass index(HMI) was calculated;concentration of TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, NO was examined by kit;rats’ serum concentration of blood TXB2, 6-keto-PGFα and ET was determined by radioimmunoassay;the expression of ICAM-1and VCAM-1 in thoracic aorta tissue was tested by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Results Compared with the model control group, levels of BG, HMI, TG, TC, LDL-C were significantly decreased(P<0.01)in berberine medium, high dose groups and metformin group;the serum concentration of NO and 6-keto-PGFα was increased(P<0.01) while ET and TXB2 was decreased(P<0.01);the expression of ICAM-1and VCAM-1 in thoracic aorta tissue was decreased obviously(P<0.01). Conclusion Berberine has protective effects on the cardiovascular in diabetic rats by means of regulating blood lipid, recovering blood vessel’s dynamic balance of systolic and diastolic, playing a role in anti- atherosclerosis.
  • Effect of Huanglian Jiangzhi Decoction on the Expression of Inflammatory Response Factors in the Blood Vessels of Atherosclerosis Rats
    Liqun TIAN,Yuhe KE,Wei ZHU,Gangfeng DUAN,Qiongli ZHENG,Fei WEN
    2018, 37(5): 523-526. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.004
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    Objective To explore the possible mechanisms of Huanglian Jiangzhi decoction in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis by studying the effects of the decoction on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in atherosclerosis rats’ vascular tissues. Methods A total of 48 adult male healthy SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of equal size: normal control group, model control group, statin group (fluvastatin mixed suspension, 10 mL·kg-1·d-1, ig ) and decoction group (Huanglian Jiangzhi decoction, 10 mL·kg-1·d-1, ig) . Then the levels of rats’ serum lipid, as well as the expression of ICAM-1, NF-κB protein and mRNA were compared between groups. Results Compared with the model control group, there were significant improvements in the levels of serum lipid, ICAM - 1, NF-κB protein and mRNA expressions in the statin group and the decoction group (P<0.05);while the differences between the decoction group and the statin group were not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Huanglian Jiangzhi decoction can significantly inhibit the expressions of ICAM - 1 and NF-κB protein, also it can improve the serum lipid levels of AS rats, thus plays an anti-atherosclerosis role.
  • Effects of Daurisoline on Electrophysiological Characteristics of T-type Calclium Channel CaV3.1 in Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells
    Ling YU,Jie DING,Lianjun GUO
    2018, 37(5): 527-530. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.005
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    Objective To investigate the effects of daurinsoline (DS) on electrophysiological characteristics of T-type calclium channel CaV3.1 in transfected human embryonic kidney cells. Methods Human embryonic kidney cells cultured in vitro and transfected into T type calcium channel subtype (CaV3.1).The whole-cell patch clamp technique were used to record ICaV3.1 expressed in transfected human embryonic kidney cells .The influence of DS on the electrophysiological characteristics of this calclium channel was observed. Results At holding potentials (HPs) of -110 mV, DS (1,3 and 10 μmol·L-1)could inhibit the ICaV3.1 expressed in a dose-dependent manner in transfected human embryonic kidney cells . The inhibition rates of 1,3,10 μmol·L-1 DS were (16.97±3.25)%,(37.92±5.76)% and (53.50±9.65 )%, respectively. At HPs of -110 mV and -70 mV, the inhibition rates of DS at 3 μmol·L-1 on ICaV3.1 were (37.92±5.76 )% and( 40.29±6.72 )%, which had no significant changes(P>0.05);The value of tinact ,which refers to the inactivation constant of T-type CaV3.1, were (30.49±0.13)and (30.18±0.06) ms (P>0.05), respectively. Conclusion DS can inhibit the ICaV3.1 expresssion in a dose-dependent and voltage-independent manner in transfected human embryonic kidney cells, while has no influence on inactivation of T-type CaV3.1.
  • Current Situation and Future of Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Bicheng ZHANG,Bo ZHU
    2018, 37(5): 531-535. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.006
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    Nowadays, the cornerstone status of chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is seriously challenged and its therapeutic effect has hit the bottlenecks. With the combination of chemotherapy and molecular targeted drugs, antiangiogenic agents or immunotherapy drugs, tapping the potential of chemotherapeutic drugs and developing new chemotherapeutic drugs, searching the biomarkers that can predict the efficacy of chemotherapy, most patients with advanced NSCLC may get the maximum benefit from chemotherapy.

  • Current Situation and Challenges of EGFR-TKI in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Min PENG,Qibin SONG
    2018, 37(5): 536-541. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.007
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    Last decade, EGFR-TKI have led the way of precision medicine for NSCLC and have made significant breakthroughs in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. The treatment concept of NSCLC have changed from traditional chemoradiotherapy based on pathological type to precise treatment based on molecular type. Optimizing the management of the third generation of EGFR-TKI, expanding the indications of EGFR-TKI, improving efficacy with the combination of other treatments, exploring the mechanisms and strategies of drug resistance are significant challenges for EGFR-TKI.

  • Progression of Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
    Jun WANG,Baocheng WANG
    2018, 37(5): 542-546. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.008
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    Immunotherapy acts as one of developing therapeutic strategies following traditional surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Recently, immunotherapy shows increasing importance in the comprehensive treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of its significant relaibility and efficacy. Several programmed cell death protein 1/ programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of advanced or metastatic NCCLC in first or second-line setting. In addition, immunotherapy with PD-L1 inhibitor promotes progression-free survival in stage III NSCLC patients who received previously concurrent radiation therapy and chemotherapy. However, due to the limited number of patients who could benefit from approved immunotherapy and the aim of expanding benifit groups, the immunotherapy treatment model of advanced NSCLC still needs continuous optimization, which includes immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy combined with radiation therapy . Tumor marker-based precision therapy and efficacy with immunotherapy are in rapid development and improvement.

  • Progression of Anti-angiogenic Drug Therapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
    Kailian ZHANG,Qian CHU,Yuan CHEN
    2018, 37(5): 546-550. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.009
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    Tumor neovascularization is the basis of tumor growth, progression and metastasis, involving various cell-mediated signal transduction pathways, and many factors that promote / inhibit angiogenesis. Among them, the strongest growth factor that stimulates angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), which acts by binding to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). VEGF / VEGFR pathway inhibitors are now widely used in clinical treatment, a new generation of anti-tumor angiogenesis drug research and development has also made some breakthrough. This article reviews the mechanism of tumor angiogenesis, different molecules pathways of anti-tumor angiogenesis drugs and drug resistance mechanisms in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

  • Apatinib Second-line or Laterline Therapy for 26 Cases of Advanced Lung Cancer
    Lingjuan CHEN,Gang WU,Xiaorong DONG,Ruiguang ZHANG
    2018, 37(5): 551-554. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.010
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    Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of apatinib second-line or laterline therapy of advanced lung cancer. Methods This was a retrospective study on 26 patients with advanced lung cancer for whom at least first-line of targeted therapy or chemotherapy had failed. The patients received oral apatinib 250-500 mg per day until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Results 10 patients received combination therapy such as chemotherapy, target therapy or radiation therapy and 16 patients were treated with single apatinib. The response rate(RR) was higher in the combined treatment group compared with the single apatinib group(8/10 vs 6/16). The disease control rate (DCR) was also higher in the combined group(9/10 vs 11/16). Similarly, apatinib combination group prolonged median PFS compared with single group (4 months vs 1.5 months). Apatinib treatment was well tolerated without severe toxicities.The common adverse events included grade 1 to 3 hand foot syndrome, thrombocytopenia and proteinuria. Conclusion These data showed that apatinib treatment improved PFS with an acceptable safety profile in patients with advanced lung cancer refractory to first or later-line of prior system therapy.
  • Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab Combination Therapy in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
    Lei SHI,Jizong JIANG,Qingxu LIU,Li ZHANG,Shu XIA,Yuan CHEN,Qian CHU
    2018, 37(5): 554-558. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.011
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    Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in the systemic treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A total of 78 patients diagnosed with advanced non squamous non-small cell lung cancer were divided into 4 groups: 36 patients in group A(first-line chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab),7 patients in group B[first-line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKI) combined with bevacizumab], 30 patients in group C(two or more lines of chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab)and 5 patients in group D(two or more lines of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor combined with bevacizumab). The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse reactions were retrospectively analyzed. Results The disease control cases in each group were 34,6,26 and 4, respectively. The mean progression free survival (mPFS) in each group were 8.9 months, 10.8 months, 7.2 months and 7.8 months, respectively. The overall survival data is not mature. The main adverse reactions of chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab were myelosuppression, fatigue, diarrhea, and hypertension etc. grade 3 or 4 toxicities include neutropenia (10/66,15.2% ), diarrhea (3/66,4.5%), fatigue (5/66,7.6%), hypertension(4/66,6.1%).The main adverse reactions of EGFR-TKI combined with bevacizumab were hypertension (2/12), rash (3/12), diarrhea (5/12) , asymptomatic proteinuria (2/12) and fatigue (2/12), without grade above 3 toxicities. Conclusion Chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI combined with bevacizumab are safe and effective treatment strategies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
  • Comparison of Anticoagulant Treatment Effect Between Dabigatran Etexilate and Warfarin in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
    Liping WI,Lilu HU,Juan DU,Guoqu JIA,Wei CHEN
    2018, 37(5): 559-562. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.012
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    Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of the anticoagulant therapy between dabigatran etexilate and warfarin for patients with sinus arrhythmia in dilated cardiomyopathy Methods Total 127 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy who met the criteria of this research were divided into three groups, including the control group (42 patients, placebo, po), dabigatran etexilate group (45 patients, 150 mg,bid,po) and warfarin group (40 patients, 2.5 mg·d-1,po). Regular clinical follow-up lasted for 21 months. Results The incidence of thromboembolic events in the control group, dabigatran etexilate group and the warfarin group was 21.4%, 0.0%, 5.4% (P<0.01), and the incidence of bleeding events was 2.3%, 2.9% and 18.9% (P<0.01). There was no statistical difference of the incidence of thromboembolism between dabigatran etexilate group and warfarin group (P>0.05), and the incidence of total bleeding in dabigatran etexilate group was lower than that in warfarin group(P<0.05) Conclusion Anticoagulant therapy can effectively reduce the incidence of thromboembolic patients suffering from dilated cardiomyopathy with sinus rhythm and left ventricular dysfunction. Furthermore, as to the incidence rate of adverse events, dabigatran etexilate is lower than warfarin.
  • Effect of Levosimendan Combined with Tolvaptan in the Treatment of 40 Cases of Refractory Heart Failure
    Xile SU,Guangyuan ZHAO,Yage FAN
    2018, 37(5): 563-567. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.013
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    Objective To study the effect of levosimendan combined with tolvaptan on cardiac function and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with refractory heart failure(RHF). Methods 80 cases of RHF patients with hyponatremia were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (40 cases) was given tolvaptan (15 mg, qd, po) on the basis of conventional anti heart failure therapy, the treatment group(40 cases) was given levosimendan 0.1 μg ·kg-1·min-1 by continuous micropump injection on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The cardiac function [left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), stroke volume(SV)], N terminal B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), electrolyte, HRV index[ heart rate (HR), standard deviation of 24 hours normal RR interval (SDNN), standard deviation of average normal RR interval (SDANN), SDNN index (SDNNI), root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD), percent of NN50 in the total number of N-N intervals (PNN50), low-frequency (LF), high-frequency power (HF)], ventricular premature beat of two groups before and after 7 days treatment were detected. Results LVEF, SV, serum sodium, SDNN, DANN, SDNNI, RMSSD, LF, HF of two groups after treatment were higher than before (P<0.05 or P<0.01). NT-proBNP and HR after treatment were lower than before (P=0.000). The above indicators of the treatment group were improved significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The ventricular premature contractions in the treatment group was significantly decreased than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Levosimendan combined with tolvaptan can improve heart function in patients with RHF with the possible mechanism of reduceing premature ventricular contraction and improving heart rate variability.
  • Effect of Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride on Perioperative Inflammatory Factors and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery
    Meiyue LIU,Zhaohong WANG,Qing ZHANG,Guanghui XU
    2018, 37(5): 568-572. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.014
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    Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (Dex) on perioperative inflammatory factors and postoperative pulmonary complications in elder patients with spine surgery. Methods A total of 330 elderly patients preparing for orthopaedic spinal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into the treatment group ( group D , n=180) and the control group (group C, n=150). Group D was treated with intravenous Dex at a loading dosage at 0.5 μg·kg-1 for 15 min beforer induction of anaesthesia while group C was given conventional anesthesia induction. After induction of anaesthesia, the dosage of Dex in Group D was adjusted to 0.4 μg·kg-1·h-1 until the pedicle screw fixation connection rod was successfully placed. The mean arterial blood pressure(MAP)were continuously monitored at five different times . The operation time, dosage of anesthetic, MMSE score before and after operation were recorded. The levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were recorded at different time points. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was recorded. Results The dose of sufentanil in group D was significantly less than that in group C (P<0.05);The postoperative MMSE score of group D was significantly higher than that of group C (P<0.05). Compared with group C, serum concentration levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in 1 h after operation or at the time of strongest operation, surgery completed and the first day after operation were significantly lower (P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in group D was 3.89%,which was significantly lower than that in group C 17.99% (P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine has obvious anti-inflammatory effect. It is beneficial to the incidence of pulmonary complications and hypoxemia. Meanwhile, it leads to less variation in hemodynamics during perioperation, less dosage of sufentanil and lower incidence of post-cognitive dysfunction.
  • Effect of Parecoxib Sodium in the Treatment of 30 Cases of Postoperative Analgesia of Laparotomy in Plateau Area
    Yeyuan JIN,Xiaohong LU,Xiang LI
    2018, 37(5): 572-575. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.015
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    Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of parecoxib sodium in postoperative pain of laparotomy in plateau area. Methods Sixty patients scheduled for open cholecystectomy under continuous epidural anesthesia were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups (n=30) :group P and group C. Patients in group P received parecoxib sodium 40 mg in 5 mL 0.9% sodium chloride solution before and after operation. Patients in group C received 0.9% sodium chloride solution 5 mL instead of parecoxib sodium. Venous blood samples were obtained from the two groups at 10 min before the surgery (t0) , immediately after surgery (t1) and at 24 h after surgery (t2). The Ramsay sedation scores, visual analogue scale (VAS scores) and oxygen saturation(SpO2)were recorded at 4,8,12,24,36 and 48 h after the surgery. Concentration of adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) were measured at t0, t1, t2 The postoperative exhausing time was also recorded. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in the Ramsay sedation scores、SpO2 and the postoperative exhausing time. But VAS scores were significantly lower in group P at 4,8,12,24 h after surgery than group C (P<0.05) and have no significant differences at 48 and 72 h after surgery.There were no significant differences of ACTH and PGE2 between the two groups at t0 . ACTH and PGE2 was significant lower in P at t1, t2 (P<0.05). Conclusion Parecoxib sodium could efficiently relieve the postoperative pain in plateau area, relieving the stress reaction without excessive sedation, anoxia and prolonging of the postoperative exhaust time.
  • Optimization of the Matrix Formulation of New Indomethacin Hydrophilic Gel Patches Based on Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology and Its Molding Process Inspection
    Yongping ZHANG,Jian XU,Weijie XIE
    2018, 37(5): 593-599. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.019
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    Objective To optimize the matrix formulation of indomethacin hydrophilic gel matrix patches and to confirm its forming process. Methods The moisture retention, the adhesion, and the look were used as indexes. Matrix prescription of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patches were optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology. The technological parameters of the small scale preparation patches were determined. Results The regression models and response surface methodology showed that the optimized matrix formulation was as follows: 17.350 g of PVA, 9.999 g of gelatin, 6.260 g of PVP, 8.140 g of CMC-Na, 3.000 g of carbomer, 12.880 g of glycerol, 12.880 g of propylene glycol, and 4.200 g of triethanolamine. This water-loss rate of this matrix was 11.9%, which adhered to the 8th ball, and the sensory grade was 95.7;in vitro transdermal tests showed that the release of the optimized patches in 48 hours was mainly consistent with the zero-order kinetics model, so as to achieve controlled release. Conclusion The optimized patches are uniform and smooth with strong adhesion, good flexibility, mechanical strength and good control of the drug release.
  • Determination of the Solubility of Cyclosporine Capsules and Soft Capsules by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
    Wenzhe PANG,Bin HAN,Qiang WANG,Moli WANG,Xianghe LI,Gengshen SONG
    2018, 37(5): 600-604. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.020
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    Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromatography method for solubility determination of cyclosporin capsules and soft capsules. Methods Solubility of cyclosporine capsules was determined by basket method, with 0.1 mol·L-1 hydrochloric acid solution (1.0% twelve sodium dodecyl sulfate) 1 000 mL as dissolution medium at 100 r·min-1. Samples were taken at 60 minute and determined by HPLC method. Paddle method was adopted for the determination of cyclosporin soft capsules with simulate gastric juice (pepsin 3.2 g, sodium chloride 2.0 g , hydrochloric acid 7.0 mL, N, N- two methyl twelve alkyl amine -N-oxide 6.9 mL, dilute with water to 1 000 mL) 1 000 mL as dissolution medium at 75 r·min-1, samples were taken at 60 minute and determined by HPLC method. HPLC was performed with C18 column,The mobile phase consisted of tetrahydrofuran -0.05 mol·L-1 phosphate (45:55).The column temperature was 75 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 220 nm. The injection volume was 10 μL. Results The linear range of cyclosporin was 0.25-9.90 μg·mL-1(A=10.304C+1.217 5, r=0.999 9). The accumulative release percentage of the samples from eight manufacturers within 60 min were all above 80% of the stated amount. Conclusion In this condition, dissolution rate of the cyclosporine capsules and soft capsules were high, the method is feasibility and highly sensitive and the result is accurate and reliable.
  • Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Nanospheres for Mefenamic Acid
    Xia LING,Keqing FAN
    2018, 37(5): 604-610. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.021
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    Objective To establish the analysis and separation method of mefenamic acid. Methods The molecularly imprinted polymeric nanospheres (MIPNs) for mefenamic acid (MFA) were synthesized by precipitation polymerization and investigated by electronic microscopy (SEM), UV, IR, BET adsorption test and Scatchard analysis. Results Choice of the functional monomers affected the size and shape of the polymer. When methacrylic acid was used as functional monomer, polymer particles presented regular sphere with smooth surface, uniform particle size distribution and good dispersion. There was no adhesion phenomenon and the particle size was 450 nm;Mefenamic acid have chemical groups interacting with the functional monomers. MIPNs has affinity for mefenamic acid with the distribution coefficient Kd up to 1.716 9 mmol·L-1. Conclusion MIPNs provides a new method for the separation and analysis of mefenamic acid and creates the conditions in its study of drug sustained release system.
  • Rapid Determination of Chromium Content in Pharmaceutical Gelatin by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
    Linfeng LYU,Xi ZHU,Jiaping WANG,Yong DONG
    2018, 37(5): 610-612. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.022
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    Objective To establish an X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) method for the determination of chromium (Cr) content in pharmaceutical gelatin. Methods Both standard materials and samples were prepared from pharmaceutical gelatin in a similar fashion, Cr contents of which were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results The calibration curve for contained chromium was obtained with linear coefficient of 0.998 9 and detection limit of 0.21 μg·g-1. By this method, 10 batches of pharmaceutical gelatin from different companies were detected and 1 batch of the samples was added by standard material at a given concentration and then subject to recovery experiment, with recovery percent of 94.2% , and relative standard deviation (RSD)of 3.9% . Conclusion The study showed that the reliability and stability of the established method was good and could be used as a rapid determination of chromium in pharmaceutical gelatin.
  • Effects of Empagliflozin on Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
    Bin YU,Youyi RAO,Jiangping YU,Lin REN,Hong ZHOU,Yilan HUANG
    2018, 37(5): 613-619. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.023
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    Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of empagliflozin (EMPA) for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched. Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on efficacy and safety of EMPA compared with other antidiabetic drugs in T2DM were selected. Quality of the studies were evaluated according to the notebook of Cochrane system investigator. Meta-analysis of data was pooled by the RevMan 5.3 software and STATA 12 software. Results A total of 7 RCTs involving 4 135 patients were included. Result of the Meta analyis showed that in monotherapy, 10 mg EMPA was inferior to metformin (MET) in terms of HbA1c (P=0.03);EMPA 25 mg was similar to MET (P=0.34), but was superior to DPP-4 inhibitors in HbA1c (P=0.04). As add-on to MET, there was no statistically significant difference between DPP-4 inhibitors and 10 mg EMPA in HbA1c (P=0.13), 25 mg EMPA was superior to DPP-4 inhibitors (P=0.01) and glimepiride (P=0.01). Both doses of EMPA were similar to MET, but superior to DPP-4 inhibitors and glimepiride in fasting blood glucose (FPG). In addition, EMPA provided a significantly greater reduction in weight and blood pressure comparing to the control group. In the aspect of safety, the risk of hypoglycaemia in two groups of EMPA were similar to DPP-4 inhibitor, but was lower than glimepiride. Compared with control group, the risk of genital tract infections were higher in EMPA group. Conclusion EMPA is safe and effective in the treatment of T2DM.
  • Pharmaceutical Care for Brain Stroke Complicated with Pulmonary and Urinary Tract Infection
    Shuangshuang HE,Wei WU,Yunqi MA,Xue YANG,Jianhong CHEN
    2018, 37(5): 623-626. https://doi.org/10.3870/j.issn.1004-0781.2018.05.025
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    Objective To provide reference for medication in patients with stroke complicated with pulmonary and urinary tract infection. Methods By participating in drug therapy for patients with stroke complicated with pulmonary and urinary tract infection,clinical pharmacist assisted physicians to develop treatment plan and provided reasonable pharmaceutical care. Results Therapeutic effect was improved through pharmaceutical care process. Conclusion Participation of clinical pharmacist in clinical treatment can fully play their advantages in the field of drug selection , interaction, compatability,etc, as well as improving the level of clinical treatment.
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